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Decreased circulating chylomicron concentration

MedGen UID:
1619771
•Concept ID:
C4531250
•
Finding
Synonyms: Decreased circulating chylomicron levels; Hypochylomicronemia
 
HPO: HP:0031242

Definition

Reduced plasma concentrations of chylomicrons, the large lipid droplet (up to 100 mm in diameter) of reprocessed lipid synthesized in epithelial cells of the small intestine and containing triacylglycerols, cholesterol esters, and several apolipoproteins. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVDecreased circulating chylomicron concentration

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Postprandial metabolism of apolipoproteins B48, B100, C-III, and E in humans with APOC3 loss-of-function mutations.
Taskinen MR, Björnson E, Matikainen N, Söderlund S, Rämö J, Ainola MM, Hakkarainen A, Sihlbom C, Thorsell A, Andersson L, Bergh PO, Henricsson M, Romeo S, Adiels M, Ripatti S, Laakso M, Packard CJ, Borén J
JCI Insight 2022 Oct 10;7(19) doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.160607. PMID: 36040803Free PMC Article
Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review.
Oscarsson J, Hurt-Camejo E
Lipids Health Dis 2017 Aug 10;16(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0541-3. PMID: 28797250Free PMC Article
Similarities and differences between the effects of EPA and DHA on markers of atherosclerosis in human subjects.
Kelley DS, Adkins Y
Proc Nutr Soc 2012 May;71(2):322-31. Epub 2012 Feb 28 doi: 10.1017/S0029665112000080. PMID: 22369859
Continuous intravenous heparin administration in humans causes a decrease in serum lipolytic activity and accumulation of chylomicrons in circulation.
Weintraub M, Rassin T, Eisenberg S, Ringel Y, Grosskopf I, Iaina A, Charach G, Liron M, Rubinstein A
J Lipid Res 1994 Feb;35(2):229-38. PMID: 8169526
Importance of apolipoproteins in lipid metabolism.
Cham BE
Chem Biol Interact 1978 Mar;20(3):263-77. doi: 10.1016/0009-2797(78)90105-9. PMID: 207449

Diagnosis

Role of food matrix in modulating dairy fat induced changes in lipoprotein particle size distribution in a human intervention.
Dunne S, McGillicuddy FC, Gibney ER, Feeney EL
Am J Clin Nutr 2023 Jan;117(1):111-120. Epub 2022 Dec 15 doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.10.002. PMID: 36789929
Lipoprotein subclass profiles in individuals with varying degrees of glucose tolerance: a population-based study of 9399 Finnish men.
Wang J, Stančáková A, Soininen P, Kangas AJ, Paananen J, Kuusisto J, Ala-Korpela M, Laakso M
J Intern Med 2012 Dec;272(6):562-72. Epub 2012 Jul 27 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2012.02562.x. PMID: 22650159
Decrease in circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 after an oral fat load is related to postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and liver fat.
Matikainen N, Taskinen MR, Stennabb S, Lundbom N, Hakkarainen A, Vaaralahti K, Raivio T
Eur J Endocrinol 2012 Mar;166(3):487-92. Epub 2011 Dec 21 doi: 10.1530/EJE-11-0783. PMID: 22190000
Growth hormone (GH) treatment decreases postprandial remnant-like particle cholesterol concentration and improves endothelial function in adult-onset GH deficiency.
Twickler TB, Wilmink HW, Schreuder PC, Cabezas MC, van Dam PS, Koppeschaar HP, Erkelens DW, Dallinga-Thie GM
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000 Dec;85(12):4683-9. doi: 10.1210/jcem.85.12.7075. PMID: 11134128
Thyroid hormone action on intermediary metabolism. Part II: Lipid metabolism in hypo- and hyperthyroidism.
Müller MJ, Seitz HJ
Klin Wochenschr 1984 Jan 16;62(2):49-55. doi: 10.1007/BF01769663. PMID: 6708390

Therapy

Postprandial metabolism of apolipoproteins B48, B100, C-III, and E in humans with APOC3 loss-of-function mutations.
Taskinen MR, Björnson E, Matikainen N, Söderlund S, Rämö J, Ainola MM, Hakkarainen A, Sihlbom C, Thorsell A, Andersson L, Bergh PO, Henricsson M, Romeo S, Adiels M, Ripatti S, Laakso M, Packard CJ, Borén J
JCI Insight 2022 Oct 10;7(19) doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.160607. PMID: 36040803Free PMC Article
Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review.
Oscarsson J, Hurt-Camejo E
Lipids Health Dis 2017 Aug 10;16(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0541-3. PMID: 28797250Free PMC Article
Similarities and differences between the effects of EPA and DHA on markers of atherosclerosis in human subjects.
Kelley DS, Adkins Y
Proc Nutr Soc 2012 May;71(2):322-31. Epub 2012 Feb 28 doi: 10.1017/S0029665112000080. PMID: 22369859
Dietary cholesterol, cholesterol absorption, postprandial lipemia and atherosclerosis.
Huff MW
Can J Clin Pharmacol 2003 Winter;10 Suppl A:26A-32A. PMID: 14571303
Continuous intravenous heparin administration in humans causes a decrease in serum lipolytic activity and accumulation of chylomicrons in circulation.
Weintraub M, Rassin T, Eisenberg S, Ringel Y, Grosskopf I, Iaina A, Charach G, Liron M, Rubinstein A
J Lipid Res 1994 Feb;35(2):229-38. PMID: 8169526

Prognosis

Lycopene Deficiency in Ageing and Cardiovascular Disease.
Petyaev IM
Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016;2016:3218605. Epub 2016 Jan 6 doi: 10.1155/2016/3218605. PMID: 26881023Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Role of food matrix in modulating dairy fat induced changes in lipoprotein particle size distribution in a human intervention.
Dunne S, McGillicuddy FC, Gibney ER, Feeney EL
Am J Clin Nutr 2023 Jan;117(1):111-120. Epub 2022 Dec 15 doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.10.002. PMID: 36789929
Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review.
Oscarsson J, Hurt-Camejo E
Lipids Health Dis 2017 Aug 10;16(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0541-3. PMID: 28797250Free PMC Article
Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4 and Postprandial Skeletal Muscle Lipid Metabolism in Overweight and Obese Prediabetics.
van der Kolk BW, Goossens GH, Jocken JW, Kersten S, Blaak EE
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016 Jun;101(6):2332-9. Epub 2016 Mar 24 doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-4285. PMID: 27011113
Lycopene Deficiency in Ageing and Cardiovascular Disease.
Petyaev IM
Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016;2016:3218605. Epub 2016 Jan 6 doi: 10.1155/2016/3218605. PMID: 26881023Free PMC Article
Decrease in circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 after an oral fat load is related to postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and liver fat.
Matikainen N, Taskinen MR, Stennabb S, Lundbom N, Hakkarainen A, Vaaralahti K, Raivio T
Eur J Endocrinol 2012 Mar;166(3):487-92. Epub 2011 Dec 21 doi: 10.1530/EJE-11-0783. PMID: 22190000

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