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Myeloid sarcoma

MedGen UID:
1656669
•Concept ID:
C4721505
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Chloroma (formerly); Erythroid sarcoma (cell type); Granulocytic sarcoma (cell type); Monocytic sarcoma (cell type)
SNOMED CT: Myeloid sarcoma (94719007); Myeloid sarcoma, morphology (35287006); Myeloid sarcoma, disease (94719007); Chloroma (188737002); Granulocytic sarcoma (94719007); Myeloid sarcoma (35287006); Chloroma (35287006)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006861
Orphanet: ORPHA86850

Definition

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare solid tumor of the myelogenous cells occurring in an extramedullary site. [from ORDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Treatment Outcomes of Intracranial Myeloid Sarcomas: A Meta-Analysis.
Lee D, Omofoye OA, Nuño MA, Riestenberg RA, Shahlaie K
World Neurosurg 2021 Apr;148:29-37. Epub 2021 Jan 11 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.01.004. PMID: 33444829
Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Almond LM, Charalampakis M, Ford SJ, Gourevitch D, Desai A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2017 May;17(5):263-267. Epub 2017 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.027. PMID: 28342811
Vulvar sarcomas: Short guideline for histopathological recognition and clinical management. Part 2.
Chokoeva AA, Tchernev G, Cardoso JC, Patterson JW, Dechev I, Valkanov S, Zanardelli M, Lotti T, Wollina U
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015 Jun;28(2):178-86. Epub 2015 Mar 26 doi: 10.1177/0394632015575977. PMID: 25816393

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Molecular profiling and clinical implications of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and extramedullary manifestations.
Eckardt JN, Stölzel F, Kunadt D, Röllig C, Stasik S, Wagenführ L, Jöhrens K, Kuithan F, Krämer A, Scholl S, Hochhaus A, Crysandt M, Brümmendorf TH, Naumann R, Steffen B, Kunzmann V, Einsele H, Schaich M, Burchert A, Neubauer A, Schäfer-Eckart K, Schliemann C, Krause SW, Herbst R, Hänel M, Hanoun M, Kaiser U, Kaufmann M, Rácil Z, Mayer J, Kroschinsky F, Berdel WE, Ehninger G, Serve H, Müller-Tidow C, Platzbecker U, Baldus CD, Schetelig J, Bornhäuser M, Thiede C, Middeke JM
J Hematol Oncol 2022 May 13;15(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01267-7. PMID: 35562747Free PMC Article
Myeloid sarcoma, chloroma, or extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia tumor: A tale of misnomers, controversy and the unresolved.
Shallis RM, Gale RP, Lazarus HM, Roberts KB, Xu ML, Seropian SE, Gore SD, Podoltsev NA
Blood Rev 2021 May;47:100773. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100773. PMID: 33213985
How I diagnose and treat NPM1-mutated AML.
Falini B, Brunetti L, Martelli MP
Blood 2021 Feb 4;137(5):589-599. doi: 10.1182/blood.2020008211. PMID: 33171486
Myeloid sarcoma.
Shahin OA, Ravandi F
Curr Opin Hematol 2020 Mar;27(2):88-94. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000571. PMID: 31904666
Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Almond LM, Charalampakis M, Ford SJ, Gourevitch D, Desai A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2017 May;17(5):263-267. Epub 2017 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.027. PMID: 28342811

Diagnosis

Myeloid sarcoma, chloroma, or extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia tumor: A tale of misnomers, controversy and the unresolved.
Shallis RM, Gale RP, Lazarus HM, Roberts KB, Xu ML, Seropian SE, Gore SD, Podoltsev NA
Blood Rev 2021 May;47:100773. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100773. PMID: 33213985
Myeloid sarcoma.
Shahin OA, Ravandi F
Curr Opin Hematol 2020 Mar;27(2):88-94. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000571. PMID: 31904666
Myeloid Sarcoma.
Magdy M, Abdel Karim N, Eldessouki I, Gaber O, Rahouma M, Ghareeb M
Oncol Res Treat 2019;42(4):224-229. Epub 2019 Mar 6 doi: 10.1159/000497210. PMID: 30840960
Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Almond LM, Charalampakis M, Ford SJ, Gourevitch D, Desai A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2017 May;17(5):263-267. Epub 2017 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.027. PMID: 28342811
Ptosis Shmosis.
Kinori M, Ben Simon GJ, Zehavi-Dorin T, Robbins SL, Siatkowski RM
Surv Ophthalmol 2017 Mar-Apr;62(2):237-240. Epub 2016 Feb 26 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.02.004. PMID: 26921808

Therapy

Gene Mutations and Targeted Therapies of Myeloid Sarcoma.
Fu L, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Fu J, Hong P, Feng W
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2023 Apr;24(4):338-352. Epub 2023 Mar 6 doi: 10.1007/s11864-023-01063-6. PMID: 36877373
Neurologic complications of acute myeloid leukemia. Diagnostic approach and therapeutic modalities.
Siegal T, Benouaich-Amiel A, Bairey O
Blood Rev 2022 May;53:100910. Epub 2021 Nov 20 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2021.100910. PMID: 34836656
How I diagnose and treat NPM1-mutated AML.
Falini B, Brunetti L, Martelli MP
Blood 2021 Feb 4;137(5):589-599. doi: 10.1182/blood.2020008211. PMID: 33171486
Myeloid Sarcoma.
Magdy M, Abdel Karim N, Eldessouki I, Gaber O, Rahouma M, Ghareeb M
Oncol Res Treat 2019;42(4):224-229. Epub 2019 Mar 6 doi: 10.1159/000497210. PMID: 30840960
Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Almond LM, Charalampakis M, Ford SJ, Gourevitch D, Desai A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2017 May;17(5):263-267. Epub 2017 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.027. PMID: 28342811

Prognosis

Myeloid sarcoma: An overview.
Ramia de Cap M, Chen W
Semin Diagn Pathol 2023 May;40(3):129-139. Epub 2023 Apr 17 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.04.009. PMID: 37149396
Molecular profiling and clinical implications of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and extramedullary manifestations.
Eckardt JN, Stölzel F, Kunadt D, Röllig C, Stasik S, Wagenführ L, Jöhrens K, Kuithan F, Krämer A, Scholl S, Hochhaus A, Crysandt M, Brümmendorf TH, Naumann R, Steffen B, Kunzmann V, Einsele H, Schaich M, Burchert A, Neubauer A, Schäfer-Eckart K, Schliemann C, Krause SW, Herbst R, Hänel M, Hanoun M, Kaiser U, Kaufmann M, Rácil Z, Mayer J, Kroschinsky F, Berdel WE, Ehninger G, Serve H, Müller-Tidow C, Platzbecker U, Baldus CD, Schetelig J, Bornhäuser M, Thiede C, Middeke JM
J Hematol Oncol 2022 May 13;15(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01267-7. PMID: 35562747Free PMC Article
Myeloid sarcoma, chloroma, or extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia tumor: A tale of misnomers, controversy and the unresolved.
Shallis RM, Gale RP, Lazarus HM, Roberts KB, Xu ML, Seropian SE, Gore SD, Podoltsev NA
Blood Rev 2021 May;47:100773. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100773. PMID: 33213985
Myeloid sarcoma.
Shahin OA, Ravandi F
Curr Opin Hematol 2020 Mar;27(2):88-94. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000571. PMID: 31904666
How I treat extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia.
Bakst RL, Tallman MS, Douer D, Yahalom J
Blood 2011 Oct 6;118(14):3785-93. Epub 2011 Jul 27 doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-04-347229. PMID: 21795742

Clinical prediction guides

Treatment Outcomes of Intracranial Myeloid Sarcomas: A Meta-Analysis.
Lee D, Omofoye OA, Nuño MA, Riestenberg RA, Shahlaie K
World Neurosurg 2021 Apr;148:29-37. Epub 2021 Jan 11 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.01.004. PMID: 33444829
Late-stage tumors induce anemia and immunosuppressive extramedullary erythroid progenitor cells.
Zhao L, He R, Long H, Guo B, Jia Q, Qin D, Liu SQ, Wang Z, Xiang T, Zhang J, Tan Y, Huang J, Chen J, Wang F, Xiao M, Gao J, Yang X, Zeng H, Wang X, Hu C, Alexander PB, Symonds ALJ, Yu J, Wan Y, Li QJ, Ye L, Zhu B
Nat Med 2018 Oct;24(10):1536-1544. Epub 2018 Oct 8 doi: 10.1038/s41591-018-0205-5. PMID: 30297899Free PMC Article
Hematolymphoid lesions of the breast.
Hoffmann J, Ohgami RS
Semin Diagn Pathol 2017 Sep;34(5):462-469. Epub 2017 May 28 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2017.05.007. PMID: 28662998
Unusual extramedullary hematopoietic neoplasms in lymph nodes.
Dayton VD, Williams SJ, McKenna RW, Linden MA
Hum Pathol 2017 Apr;62:13-22. Epub 2016 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.12.014. PMID: 28025076
Blueberry muffin baby: a pictoral differential diagnosis.
Mehta V, Balachandran C, Lonikar V
Dermatol Online J 2008 Feb 28;14(2):8. PMID: 18700111

Recent systematic reviews

Pancreatic follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: a rare case report and systematic literature review of 7 cases.
Li X, Gu J, He Q, Han S, Wu H
World J Surg Oncol 2023 Jul 21;21(1):212. doi: 10.1186/s12957-023-03115-5. PMID: 37480085Free PMC Article
The characteristics and prognostic significance of the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in hematological malignancies: A systematic review.
Wang J, Zhan QR, Lu XX, Zhang LJ, Wang XX, Zhang HY
Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jul 29;101(30):e29294. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000029294. PMID: 35905214Free PMC Article
Primary central nervous system sarcomas in adults: A systematic review.
Haider AS, Palmisciano P, Sagoo NS, Bin Alamer O, El Ahmadieh TY, Pan E, Garzon-Muvdi T
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022 Mar;214:107127. Epub 2022 Jan 12 doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107127. PMID: 35151057
Testicular Myeloid Sarcoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Sahu KK, Sherif AA, Mishra AK, Lal A, Singh A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2019 Oct;19(10):603-618. Epub 2019 May 15 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2019.04.013. PMID: 31371220
Zebras in Foreskin Dermatopathology: A Review.
Alhatem A, Patel N, Lambert WC, Heller DS
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2019 Jul;23(3):235-240. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000478. PMID: 31149956

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

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