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Myeloid sarcoma

MedGen UID:
1656669
•Concept ID:
C4721505
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Chloroma (formerly); Erythroid sarcoma (cell type); Granulocytic sarcoma (cell type); Monocytic sarcoma (cell type)
SNOMED CT: Myeloid sarcoma (94719007); Myeloid sarcoma, disease (94719007); Chloroma (188737002); Granulocytic sarcoma (94719007); Myeloid sarcoma (35287006); Chloroma (35287006)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006861
Orphanet: ORPHA86850

Definition

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare solid tumor of the myelogenous cells occurring in an extramedullary site. [from ORDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Criteria for Diagnosis and Molecular Monitoring of NPM1-Mutated AML.
Falini B, Dillon R
Blood Cancer Discov 2024 Jan 8;5(1):8-20. doi: 10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-23-0144. PMID: 37917833Free PMC Article
Clinical characteristics, treatment options, and prognosis of myeloid sarcoma: analysis using the SEER database.
Liang J, Yang L, Yang B, Tian Y, Ren J, Yang L
Hematology 2023 Dec;28(1):2247898. doi: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2247898. PMID: 37594298
Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Almond LM, Charalampakis M, Ford SJ, Gourevitch D, Desai A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2017 May;17(5):263-267. Epub 2017 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.027. PMID: 28342811

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Criteria for Diagnosis and Molecular Monitoring of NPM1-Mutated AML.
Falini B, Dillon R
Blood Cancer Discov 2024 Jan 8;5(1):8-20. doi: 10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-23-0144. PMID: 37917833Free PMC Article
Myeloid sarcoma, chloroma, or extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia tumor: A tale of misnomers, controversy and the unresolved.
Shallis RM, Gale RP, Lazarus HM, Roberts KB, Xu ML, Seropian SE, Gore SD, Podoltsev NA
Blood Rev 2021 May;47:100773. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100773. PMID: 33213985
How I diagnose and treat NPM1-mutated AML.
Falini B, Brunetti L, Martelli MP
Blood 2021 Feb 4;137(5):589-599. doi: 10.1182/blood.2020008211. PMID: 33171486
Myeloid sarcoma.
Shahin OA, Ravandi F
Curr Opin Hematol 2020 Mar;27(2):88-94. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000571. PMID: 31904666
Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Almond LM, Charalampakis M, Ford SJ, Gourevitch D, Desai A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2017 May;17(5):263-267. Epub 2017 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.027. PMID: 28342811

Diagnosis

Myeloid sarcoma: more and less than a distinct entity.
Loscocco GG, Vannucchi AM
Ann Hematol 2023 Aug;102(8):1973-1984. Epub 2023 Jun 7 doi: 10.1007/s00277-023-05288-1. PMID: 37286874Free PMC Article
Myeloid sarcoma: An overview.
Ramia de Cap M, Chen W
Semin Diagn Pathol 2023 May;40(3):129-139. Epub 2023 Apr 17 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.04.009. PMID: 37149396
Myeloid sarcoma.
Shahin OA, Ravandi F
Curr Opin Hematol 2020 Mar;27(2):88-94. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000571. PMID: 31904666
Myeloid Sarcoma.
Magdy M, Abdel Karim N, Eldessouki I, Gaber O, Rahouma M, Ghareeb M
Oncol Res Treat 2019;42(4):224-229. Epub 2019 Mar 6 doi: 10.1159/000497210. PMID: 30840960
Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Almond LM, Charalampakis M, Ford SJ, Gourevitch D, Desai A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2017 May;17(5):263-267. Epub 2017 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.027. PMID: 28342811

Therapy

Gene Mutations and Targeted Therapies of Myeloid Sarcoma.
Fu L, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Fu J, Hong P, Feng W
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2023 Apr;24(4):338-352. Epub 2023 Mar 6 doi: 10.1007/s11864-023-01063-6. PMID: 36877373
Treatment Outcomes of Intracranial Myeloid Sarcomas: A Meta-Analysis.
Lee D, Omofoye OA, Nuño MA, Riestenberg RA, Shahlaie K
World Neurosurg 2021 Apr;148:29-37. Epub 2021 Jan 11 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.01.004. PMID: 33444829
How I diagnose and treat NPM1-mutated AML.
Falini B, Brunetti L, Martelli MP
Blood 2021 Feb 4;137(5):589-599. doi: 10.1182/blood.2020008211. PMID: 33171486
Myeloid Sarcoma.
Magdy M, Abdel Karim N, Eldessouki I, Gaber O, Rahouma M, Ghareeb M
Oncol Res Treat 2019;42(4):224-229. Epub 2019 Mar 6 doi: 10.1159/000497210. PMID: 30840960
Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Almond LM, Charalampakis M, Ford SJ, Gourevitch D, Desai A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2017 May;17(5):263-267. Epub 2017 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.027. PMID: 28342811

Prognosis

Clinical characteristics, treatment options, and prognosis of myeloid sarcoma: analysis using the SEER database.
Liang J, Yang L, Yang B, Tian Y, Ren J, Yang L
Hematology 2023 Dec;28(1):2247898. doi: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2247898. PMID: 37594298
Myeloid sarcoma: more and less than a distinct entity.
Loscocco GG, Vannucchi AM
Ann Hematol 2023 Aug;102(8):1973-1984. Epub 2023 Jun 7 doi: 10.1007/s00277-023-05288-1. PMID: 37286874Free PMC Article
Myeloid sarcoma: An overview.
Ramia de Cap M, Chen W
Semin Diagn Pathol 2023 May;40(3):129-139. Epub 2023 Apr 17 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.04.009. PMID: 37149396
Myeloid sarcoma, chloroma, or extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia tumor: A tale of misnomers, controversy and the unresolved.
Shallis RM, Gale RP, Lazarus HM, Roberts KB, Xu ML, Seropian SE, Gore SD, Podoltsev NA
Blood Rev 2021 May;47:100773. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100773. PMID: 33213985
Myeloid sarcoma.
Shahin OA, Ravandi F
Curr Opin Hematol 2020 Mar;27(2):88-94. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000571. PMID: 31904666

Clinical prediction guides

Acute myeloid leukemia with RAM immunophenotype: A new underdiagnosed entity.
Gajendra S, Anupurba S, Gupta R, Mallick S, Panda D, Thakral D, Gupta SK, Bakhshi S, Seth R, Rai S, Prajapati VK, Singh S
Int J Lab Hematol 2023 Aug;45(4):541-552. Epub 2023 Apr 20 doi: 10.1111/ijlh.14076. PMID: 37078511
Treatment Outcomes of Intracranial Myeloid Sarcomas: A Meta-Analysis.
Lee D, Omofoye OA, Nuño MA, Riestenberg RA, Shahlaie K
World Neurosurg 2021 Apr;148:29-37. Epub 2021 Jan 11 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.01.004. PMID: 33444829
Late-stage tumors induce anemia and immunosuppressive extramedullary erythroid progenitor cells.
Zhao L, He R, Long H, Guo B, Jia Q, Qin D, Liu SQ, Wang Z, Xiang T, Zhang J, Tan Y, Huang J, Chen J, Wang F, Xiao M, Gao J, Yang X, Zeng H, Wang X, Hu C, Alexander PB, Symonds ALJ, Yu J, Wan Y, Li QJ, Ye L, Zhu B
Nat Med 2018 Oct;24(10):1536-1544. Epub 2018 Oct 8 doi: 10.1038/s41591-018-0205-5. PMID: 30297899Free PMC Article
Hematolymphoid lesions of the breast.
Hoffmann J, Ohgami RS
Semin Diagn Pathol 2017 Sep;34(5):462-469. Epub 2017 May 28 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2017.05.007. PMID: 28662998
Unusual extramedullary hematopoietic neoplasms in lymph nodes.
Dayton VD, Williams SJ, McKenna RW, Linden MA
Hum Pathol 2017 Apr;62:13-22. Epub 2016 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.12.014. PMID: 28025076

Recent systematic reviews

Pancreatic follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: a rare case report and systematic literature review of 7 cases.
Li X, Gu J, He Q, Han S, Wu H
World J Surg Oncol 2023 Jul 21;21(1):212. doi: 10.1186/s12957-023-03115-5. PMID: 37480085Free PMC Article
The characteristics and prognostic significance of the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in hematological malignancies: A systematic review.
Wang J, Zhan QR, Lu XX, Zhang LJ, Wang XX, Zhang HY
Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jul 29;101(30):e29294. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000029294. PMID: 35905214Free PMC Article
Primary central nervous system sarcomas in adults: A systematic review.
Haider AS, Palmisciano P, Sagoo NS, Bin Alamer O, El Ahmadieh TY, Pan E, Garzon-Muvdi T
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022 Mar;214:107127. Epub 2022 Jan 12 doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107127. PMID: 35151057
Testicular Myeloid Sarcoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Sahu KK, Sherif AA, Mishra AK, Lal A, Singh A
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2019 Oct;19(10):603-618. Epub 2019 May 15 doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2019.04.013. PMID: 31371220
Zebras in Foreskin Dermatopathology: A Review.
Alhatem A, Patel N, Lambert WC, Heller DS
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2019 Jul;23(3):235-240. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000478. PMID: 31149956

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