From HPO
Aggressive behavior- MedGen UID:
- 1375
- •Concept ID:
- C0001807
- •
- Individual Behavior
Behavior or an act aimed at harming a person, animal, or physical property (e.g., acts of physical violence; shouting, swearing, and using harsh language; slashing someone's tires).
Cerebellar ataxia- MedGen UID:
- 849
- •Concept ID:
- C0007758
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).
Language disorder- MedGen UID:
- 44069
- •Concept ID:
- C0023015
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Language impairment is a deficit in comprehension or production of language that includes reduced vocabulary, limited sentence structure, or impairments in written or spoken communication. Language abilities are substantially and quantifiably below age expectations.
Spasticity- MedGen UID:
- 7753
- •Concept ID:
- C0026838
- •
- Sign or Symptom
A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.
Status epilepticus- MedGen UID:
- 11586
- •Concept ID:
- C0038220
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Status epilepticus is a type of prolonged seizure resulting either from the failure of the mechanisms responsible for seizure termination or from the initiation of mechanisms which lead to abnormally prolonged seizures (after time point t1). It is a condition that can have long-term consequences (after time point t2), including neuronal death, neuronal injury, and alteration of neuronal networks, depending on the type and duration of seizures.
Motor stereotypies- MedGen UID:
- 21318
- •Concept ID:
- C0038271
- •
- Individual Behavior
Use of the same abnormal action in response to certain triggers or at random. They may be used as a way to regulate one's internal state but must otherwise have no apparent functional purpose.
EEG abnormality- MedGen UID:
- 56235
- •Concept ID:
- C0151611
- •
- Finding
Abnormality observed by electroencephalogram (EEG), which is used to record of the brain's spontaneous electrical activity from multiple electrodes placed on the scalp.
Generalized-onset seizure- MedGen UID:
- 115963
- •Concept ID:
- C0234533
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A generalized-onset seizure is a type of seizure originating at some point within, and rapidly engaging, bilaterally distributed networks. The networks may include cortical and subcortical structures but not necessarily the entire cortex.
Focal aware seizure- MedGen UID:
- 65895
- •Concept ID:
- C0234974
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A type of focal-onset seizure in which awareness is preserved. Awareness during a seizure is defined as the patient being fully aware of themself and their environment throughout the seizure, even if immobile.
Focal impaired awareness seizure- MedGen UID:
- 543022
- •Concept ID:
- C0270834
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Focal impaired awareness seizure (or focal seizure with impaired or lost awareness) is a type of focal-onset seizure characterized by some degree (which may be partial) of impairment of the person's awareness of themselves or their surroundings at any point during the seizure.
Hyperactivity- MedGen UID:
- 98406
- •Concept ID:
- C0424295
- •
- Finding
Hyperactivity is a condition characterized by constant and unusually high levels of activity, even in situations where it is deemed inappropriate.
Cortical dysplasia- MedGen UID:
- 98129
- •Concept ID:
- C0431380
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
The presence of developmental dysplasia of the cerebral cortex.
Global developmental delay- MedGen UID:
- 107838
- •Concept ID:
- C0557874
- •
- Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Hyporeflexia- MedGen UID:
- 195967
- •Concept ID:
- C0700078
- •
- Finding
Reduction of neurologic reflexes such as the knee-jerk reaction.
Autistic behavior- MedGen UID:
- 163547
- •Concept ID:
- C0856975
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Persistent deficits in social interaction and communication and interaction as well as a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest as well as repetitive patterns of behavior.
Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure with focal onset- MedGen UID:
- 164077
- •Concept ID:
- C0877017
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A bilateral tonic-clonic seizure with focal onset is a focal-onset seizure which progresses into a bilateral tonic-clonic phase.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder- MedGen UID:
- 220387
- •Concept ID:
- C1263846
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral disorder that typically begins in childhood and is characterized by a short attention span (inattention), an inability to be calm and stay still (hyperactivity), and poor impulse control (impulsivity). Some people with ADHD have problems with only inattention or with hyperactivity and impulsivity, but most have problems related to all three features.\n\nIn people with ADHD, the characteristic behaviors are frequent and severe enough to interfere with the activities of daily living such as school, work, and relationships with others. Because of an inability to stay focused on tasks, people with inattention may be easily distracted, forgetful, avoid tasks that require sustained attention, have difficulty organizing tasks, or frequently lose items.\n\nIn most affected individuals, ADHD continues throughout life, but in about one-third of individuals, signs and symptoms of ADHD go away by adulthood.\n\nHyperactivity is usually shown by frequent movement. Individuals with this feature often fidget or tap their foot when seated, leave their seat when it is inappropriate to do so (such as in the classroom), or talk a lot and interrupt others.\n\nImpulsivity can result in hasty actions without thought for the consequences. Individuals with poor impulse control may have difficulty waiting for their turn, deferring to others, or considering their actions before acting.\n\nMore than two-thirds of all individuals with ADHD have additional conditions, including insomnia, mood or anxiety disorders, learning disorders, or substance use disorders. Affected individuals may also have autism spectrum disorder, which is characterized by impaired communication and social interaction, or Tourette syndrome, which is a disorder characterized by repetitive and involuntary movements or noises called tics.
Delayed gross motor development- MedGen UID:
- 332508
- •Concept ID:
- C1837658
- •
- Finding
A type of motor delay characterized by a delay in acquiring the ability to control the large muscles of the body for walking, running, sitting, and crawling.
Progressive language deterioration- MedGen UID:
- 334494
- •Concept ID:
- C1843793
- •
- Finding
Progressive loss of previously present language abilities.
Poor speech- MedGen UID:
- 341172
- •Concept ID:
- C1848207
- •
- Finding
Absent speech- MedGen UID:
- 340737
- •Concept ID:
- C1854882
- •
- Finding
Complete lack of development of speech and language abilities.
Reduced tendon reflexes- MedGen UID:
- 356648
- •Concept ID:
- C1866934
- •
- Finding
Diminution of tendon reflexes, which is an invariable sign of peripheral nerve disease.
Focal cortical dysplasia- MedGen UID:
- 853938
- •Concept ID:
- C2938983
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A type of malformation of cortical development that primarily affects areas of neocortex. It can be identified on conventional magnetic resonance imaging as focal cortical thickening, abnormal gyration, and blurring between gray and white matter, often associated with clusters of heterotopic neurons.
Intellectual disability- MedGen UID:
- 811461
- •Concept ID:
- C3714756
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Reduced social responsiveness- MedGen UID:
- 868342
- •Concept ID:
- C4022736
- •
- Finding
A reduced ability to participate in the back-and-forth flow of social interaction appropriate to culture and developmental level, which is normally characterized by an influence of the behavior of one person on the behavior of another person. This results in difficulty interacting with others through emotional, physical, or verbal communication.
Generalized hypotonia- MedGen UID:
- 346841
- •Concept ID:
- C1858120
- •
- Finding
Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).
Macrocephaly- MedGen UID:
- 745757
- •Concept ID:
- C2243051
- •
- Finding
Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium.
Hyperventilation- MedGen UID:
- 9377
- •Concept ID:
- C0020578
- •
- Finding
Hyperventilation refers to an increased pulmonary ventilation rate that is faster than necessary for the exchange of gases. Hyperventilation can result from increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or both, and leads to an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.
Coarse facial features- MedGen UID:
- 335284
- •Concept ID:
- C1845847
- •
- Finding
Absence of fine and sharp appearance of brows, nose, lips, mouth, and chin, usually because of rounded and heavy features or thickened skin with or without thickening of subcutaneous and bony tissues.
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Abnormality of the respiratory system