MedGen

A tumor (abnormal growth of tissue) of the thymus. [from HPO]

A cancer of the blood and bone marrow characterized by an abnormal proliferation of leukocytes. [from HPO]

A rare T-B+ severe combined immunodeficiency characterized by markedly decreased numbers of T-cells and normal or increased numbers of B-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Patients generally present in infancy with recurrent infections, failure to thrive, fever, diarrhea, and dermatitis. [from ORDO]

T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia in which the blasts have unique immunophenotypic and genetic characteristics suggesting only limited early T-cell differentiation. [from NCI]

A group of rare acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage characterized by the presence of separate populations of blasts of more than one lineage (bilineal), a single population of blasts coexpressing antigens of more than one lineage (biphenotypic), or a combination thereof. The diagnosis relies on immunophenotyping, the T-cell component being characterized by strong expression of cytoplasmic CD3, usually in the absence of surface CD3, the B-cell component expressing CD19, almost always together with CD10, cCD79a, CD22, or PAX5, while the most specific hallmark of the myeloid component is the presence of myeloperoxidase in the blast cytoplasm. [from ORDO]

A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias. [from MeSH]

An acute leukemia in which the blasts lack sufficient evidence to classify as myeloid or lymphoid or they have morphologic and/or immunophenotypic characteristics of both myeloid and lymphoid cells. (WHO, 2001) [from NCI]

A clonal (malignant) hematopoietic disorder with an acute onset, affecting the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. The malignant cells show minimal differentiation and are called blasts, either myeloid blasts (myeloblasts) or lymphoid blasts (lymphoblasts). [from HPO]

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), also known as acute lymphocytic leukemia, is a subtype of acute leukemia, a cancer of the white blood cells. Somatically acquired mutations in several genes have been identified in ALL lymphoblasts, cells in the early stages of differentiation. Germline variation in certain genes may also predispose to susceptibility to ALL (Trevino et al., 2009). Genetic Heterogeneity of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia A susceptibility locus for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL1) has been mapped to chromosome 10q21. See also ALL2 (613067), which has been mapped to chromosome 7p12.2; and ALL3 (615545), which is caused by mutation in the PAX5 gene (167414) on chromosome 9p. [from OMIM]

A rare, acute myeloid leukemia characterized by evidence of granulocytic maturation and more than 20% of blast cells in the bone marrow and/or peripheral blood. The maturing non-blast granulocytic cells account for greater than or equal to 10% and monocytic cells less than or equal to 20% of the bone marrow cells. Various degrees of anemia, thrombocytopenia, or pancytopenia are present. Frequent clinical manifestations include fatigue, fever, bleeding disorders, and organomegaly, especially hepatosplenomegaly. [from ORDO]

A clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in the bone marrow, blood or other tissues. The classification of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) encompasses four major categories: 1) AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities; 2) AML with multilineage dysplasia; 3) Therapy-related AML; 4) AML not otherwise specified. The required bone marrow or peripheral blood blast percentage for the diagnosis of AML is 20% (WHO classification) [from NCBI]

Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (myeloid progenitor cells) in the bone marrow and other sites. [from MONDO]

A leukemia that originates from a myeloid cell, that is the blood forming cells of the bone marrow. [from HPO]

A type of actue leukemia with features characteristic of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages. These leukemias are for this reason are designated mixed-lineage, hybrid or biphenotypic acute leukemias. [from HPO]

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the thymus. [from NCI]

A B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood. [from NCI]

An acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T-cell origin occurring in children. [from NCI]