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Acral lentiginous melanoma

MedGen UID:
87530
•Concept ID:
C0346037
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Acral lentiginous melanoma (disease); Palmar/plantar melanoma; Subungual melanoma
SNOMED CT: Acral lentiginous melanoma, malignant (16974005); Acral lentiginous malignant melanoma of skin (254732008); Acral lentiginous melanoma of skin (254732008); ALM - Acral lentiginous melanoma of skin (254732008); ALMM - Acral lentiginous malignant melanoma of skin (254732008)
 
HPO: HP:0012060
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0003865

Definition

A type of cutaneous melanoma localized to the palm, sole, or beneath the nail (subungual melanoma). Acral lentiginous melanoma starts as a slowly-enlarging flat patch of discoloured skin and usually displays a size above 6 mm and often several centimetres or more in diameter upon diagnosis and variable pigmentation with a mixutre of colors including brown, and blue-grey, black and red. The surface of the lesion is initially smooth but later in the course may become thicker and irregular, and may ulcerate or bleed. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and Management of Acral Pigmented Lesions.
Ingrassia JP, Stein JA, Levine A, Liebman TN
Dermatol Surg 2023 Oct 1;49(10):926-931. Epub 2023 Aug 8 doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003891. PMID: 37556446
Clinical and histological characteristics, and management of melanoma in French Guiana, 2007-2018.
Broly M, Drak Alsibai K, Cenciu B, Guevara H, Fayette J, Neidhardt EM, Demar M, Couppie P, Blaizot R
Int J Dermatol 2020 Aug;59(8):997-999. Epub 2020 Jun 7 doi: 10.1111/ijd.14961. PMID: 32506532Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Management of Acral Lentiginous Melanoma.
Nakamura Y, Fujisawa Y
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2018 Jun 27;19(8):42. doi: 10.1007/s11864-018-0560-y. PMID: 29951919

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Melanoma.
Usatine RP, Heath CR
J Fam Pract 2022 May;71(4):178-179. doi: 10.12788/jfp.0410. PMID: 35730705
Acral lentiginous melanoma: A retrospective study.
Redi U, Marruzzo G, Lovero S, Khokhar HT, Lo Torto F, Ribuffo D
J Cosmet Dermatol 2021 Jun;20(6):1813-1820. Epub 2020 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/jocd.13737. PMID: 32979858
Acral lentiginous melanoma: Clinicopathologic and survival differences according to tumour location.
Howard M, Xie C, Wee E, Wolfe R, McLean C, Kelly JW, Pan Y
Australas J Dermatol 2020 Nov;61(4):312-317. Epub 2020 May 3 doi: 10.1111/ajd.13310. PMID: 32363586
Acral lentiginous melanoma.
Ridgeway CA, Hieken TJ, Ronan SG, Kim DK, Das Gupta TK
Arch Surg 1995 Jan;130(1):88-92. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1995.01430010090019. PMID: 7802583
Malignant melanoma.
Runkle GP, Zaloznik AJ
Am Fam Physician 1994 Jan;49(1):91-8, 102-4. PMID: 8273727

Diagnosis

Melanoma.
Usatine RP, Heath CR
J Fam Pract 2022 May;71(4):178-179. doi: 10.12788/jfp.0410. PMID: 35730705
Dermatoscopy of melanoma according to type, anatomic site and stage.
Lallas A, Paschou E, Manoli SM, Papageorgiou C, Spyridis I, Liopyris K, Bobos M, Moutsoudis A, Lazaridou E, Apalla Z
Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021 Jun;156(3):274-288. Epub 2020 Dec 14 doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.20.06784-X. PMID: 33314891
Early detection of acral melanoma: A review of clinical, dermoscopic, histopathologic, and molecular characteristics.
Darmawan CC, Jo G, Montenegro SE, Kwak Y, Cheol L, Cho KH, Mun JH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Sep;81(3):805-812. Epub 2019 Feb 5 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.01.081. PMID: 30731177
Amelanotic melanoma.
Gong HZ, Zheng HY, Li J
Melanoma Res 2019 Jun;29(3):221-230. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000571. PMID: 30672881
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma.
Goydos JS, Shoen SL
Cancer Treat Res 2016;167:321-9. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_14. PMID: 26601870

Therapy

Adjuvant nivolumab therapy may not improve disease-free survival in resected acral lentiginous melanoma patients: A retrospective case series.
Maeda T, Yanagi T, Miyamoto K, Tokuchi K, Kitamura S, Ujiie H
Dermatol Ther 2022 Nov;35(11):e15817. Epub 2022 Sep 19 doi: 10.1111/dth.15817. PMID: 36093750
Caucasians with acral lentiginous melanoma have the same outcome as patients with stage- and limb-matched superficial spreading melanoma.
Susok L, Gambichler T
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022 Feb;148(2):497-502. Epub 2021 Apr 15 doi: 10.1007/s00432-021-03630-6. PMID: 33856527Free PMC Article
Acral lentiginous melanoma versus other melanoma: A single-center analysis in Japan.
Wada M, Ito T, Tsuji G, Nakahara T, Hagihara A, Furue M, Uchi H
J Dermatol 2017 Aug;44(8):932-938. Epub 2017 Mar 24 doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.13834. PMID: 28342269
Melanoma in non-caucasian populations.
Stubblefield J, Kelly B
Surg Clin North Am 2014 Oct;94(5):1115-26, ix. Epub 2014 Aug 19 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2014.07.008. PMID: 25245971
PlayStation purpura.
Robertson SJ, Leonard J, Chamberlain AJ
Australas J Dermatol 2010 Aug;51(3):220-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2010.00652.x. PMID: 20695869

Prognosis

Acral lentiginous melanoma: A retrospective study.
Redi U, Marruzzo G, Lovero S, Khokhar HT, Lo Torto F, Ribuffo D
J Cosmet Dermatol 2021 Jun;20(6):1813-1820. Epub 2020 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/jocd.13737. PMID: 32979858
Early detection of acral melanoma: A review of clinical, dermoscopic, histopathologic, and molecular characteristics.
Darmawan CC, Jo G, Montenegro SE, Kwak Y, Cheol L, Cho KH, Mun JH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Sep;81(3):805-812. Epub 2019 Feb 5 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.01.081. PMID: 30731177
Amelanotic melanoma.
Gong HZ, Zheng HY, Li J
Melanoma Res 2019 Jun;29(3):221-230. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000571. PMID: 30672881
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma.
Goydos JS, Shoen SL
Cancer Treat Res 2016;167:321-9. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_14. PMID: 26601870
Acral lentiginous melanoma.
Piliang MP
Clin Lab Med 2011 Jun;31(2):281-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2011.03.005. PMID: 21549241

Clinical prediction guides

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in significantly thick acral lentiginous melanoma in Taiwan.
Lee TL, Lin MH, Liao YH, Liau JY, Sheen YS
J Formos Med Assoc 2022 Nov;121(11):2338-2344. Epub 2021 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.12.001. PMID: 34961669
More than just acral melanoma: the controversies of defining the disease.
Bernardes SS, Ferreira I, Elder DE, Nobre AB, Martínez-Said H, Adams DJ, Robles-Espinoza CD, Possik PA
J Pathol Clin Res 2021 Nov;7(6):531-541. Epub 2021 Jul 2 doi: 10.1002/cjp2.233. PMID: 34213090Free PMC Article
Prognostic factors and survival in acral lentiginous melanoma.
Asgari MM, Shen L, Sokil MM, Yeh I, Jorgenson E
Br J Dermatol 2017 Aug;177(2):428-435. Epub 2017 Jul 28 doi: 10.1111/bjd.15600. PMID: 28432682
Acral lentiginous melanoma.
Sutherland CM, Mather FJ, Muchmore JH, Carter RD, Reed RJ, Krementz ET
Am J Surg 1993 Jul;166(1):64-7. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9610(05)80586-0. PMID: 8328633
Penile melanosis.
Revuz J, Clerici T
J Am Acad Dermatol 1989 Apr;20(4):567-70. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(89)70064-5. PMID: 2715403

Recent systematic reviews

c-Kit inhibitors for unresectable or metastatic mucosal, acral or chronically sun-damaged melanoma: a systematic review and one-arm meta-analysis.
Steeb T, Wessely A, Petzold A, Kohl C, Erdmann M, Berking C, Heppt MV
Eur J Cancer 2021 Nov;157:348-357. Epub 2021 Sep 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.08.015. PMID: 34562816
Metastatic acral lentiginous melanoma in a tertiary referral center in Switzerland: a systematic analysis.
Häfliger EM, Ramelyte E, Mangana J, Kunz M, Kazakov DV, Dummer R, Cheng PF
Melanoma Res 2018 Oct;28(5):442-450. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000465. PMID: 29847461
Melanoma of the hand and foot: epidemiological, prognostic and genetic features. A systematic review.
Durbec F, Martin L, Derancourt C, Grange F
Br J Dermatol 2012 Apr;166(4):727-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10772.x. PMID: 22175696

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