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Lichen planus

MedGen UID:
9753
•Concept ID:
C0023646
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Lichen Planus; Lichen Ruber Planus; Lichen Rubra Planus
SNOMED CT: LP - Lichen planus (4776004); Lichen planus (4776004); Ruber planus (4776004)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006572

Definition

A chronic, recurrent, pruritic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that affects the skin and mucus membranes. It presents with rashes and papules that tend to resolve spontaneously. It may be associated with hepatitis C. Certain drugs that contain arsenic or bismuth are associated with reactions mimicking lichen planus. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Contact Dermatitis: Classifications and Management.
Li Y, Li L
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021 Dec;61(3):245-281. Epub 2021 Jul 15 doi: 10.1007/s12016-021-08875-0. PMID: 34264448
Annular Lesions: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Trayes KP, Savage K, Studdiford JS
Am Fam Physician 2018 Sep 1;98(5):283-291. PMID: 30216021
Oral lichen planus - Differential diagnoses, serum autoantibodies, hematinic deficiencies, and management.
Chiang CP, Yu-Fong Chang J, Wang YP, Wu YH, Lu SY, Sun A
J Formos Med Assoc 2018 Sep;117(9):756-765. Epub 2018 Feb 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.01.021. PMID: 29472048

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Gupta MK, Lipner SR
Dermatol Clin 2021 Apr;39(2):221-230. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002. PMID: 33745635
Oral lichen planus: A disease or a spectrum of tissue reactions? Types, causes, diagnostic algorhythms, prognosis, management strategies.
Carrozzo M, Porter S, Mercadante V, Fedele S
Periodontol 2000 2019 Jun;80(1):105-125. doi: 10.1111/prd.12260. PMID: 31090143
Lichen planus and lichenoid dermatoses: Clinical overview and molecular basis.
Tziotzios C, Lee JYW, Brier T, Saito R, Hsu CK, Bhargava K, Stefanato CM, Fenton DA, McGrath JA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Nov;79(5):789-804. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.02.010. PMID: 30318136
Oral Lichen Planus: an Overview of Potential Risk Factors, Biomarkers and Treatments.
Nosratzehi T
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018 May 26;19(5):1161-1167. doi: 10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.5.1161. PMID: 29801395Free PMC Article
Cutaneous and mucosal lichen planus: a comprehensive review of clinical subtypes, risk factors, diagnosis, and prognosis.
Gorouhi F, Davari P, Fazel N
ScientificWorldJournal 2014;2014:742826. Epub 2014 Jan 30 doi: 10.1155/2014/742826. PMID: 24672362Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Oral Lichen Planus: An Update on Diagnosis and Management.
Louisy A, Humbert E, Samimi M
Am J Clin Dermatol 2024 Jan;25(1):35-53. Epub 2023 Sep 15 doi: 10.1007/s40257-023-00814-3. PMID: 37713153
Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Gupta MK, Lipner SR
Dermatol Clin 2021 Apr;39(2):221-230. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002. PMID: 33745635
Oral lichen planus.
Hamour AF, Klieb H, Eskander A
CMAJ 2020 Aug 4;192(31):E892. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.200309. PMID: 32753462Free PMC Article
Lichen Planus.
Kusari A, Ahluwalia J
N Engl J Med 2018 Aug 9;379(6):567. doi: 10.1056/NEJMicm1802078. PMID: 30089065
Oral lichen planus: a literature review and update.
Alrashdan MS, Cirillo N, McCullough M
Arch Dermatol Res 2016 Oct;308(8):539-51. Epub 2016 Jun 27 doi: 10.1007/s00403-016-1667-2. PMID: 27349424

Therapy

Oral Lichen Planus: An Update on Diagnosis and Management.
Louisy A, Humbert E, Samimi M
Am J Clin Dermatol 2024 Jan;25(1):35-53. Epub 2023 Sep 15 doi: 10.1007/s40257-023-00814-3. PMID: 37713153
Oral lichen planus: comparative efficacy and treatment costs-a systematic review.
Sandhu S, Klein BA, Al-Hadlaq M, Chirravur P, Bajonaid A, Xu Y, Intini R, Hussein M, Vacharotayangul P, Sroussi H, Treister N, Sonis S
BMC Oral Health 2022 May 6;22(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02168-4. PMID: 35524296Free PMC Article
Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Gupta MK, Lipner SR
Dermatol Clin 2021 Apr;39(2):221-230. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002. PMID: 33745635
Treatment of oral lichen planus. Systematic review and therapeutic guide.
García-Pola MJ, González-Álvarez L, Garcia-Martin JM
Med Clin (Barc) 2017 Oct 23;149(8):351-362. Epub 2017 Jul 28 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.06.024. PMID: 28756997
Therapeutic roles of curcumin: lessons learned from clinical trials.
Gupta SC, Patchva S, Aggarwal BB
AAPS J 2013 Jan;15(1):195-218. Epub 2012 Nov 10 doi: 10.1208/s12248-012-9432-8. PMID: 23143785Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Lichen planus - a clinical guide.
Solimani F, Forchhammer S, Schloegl A, Ghoreschi K, Meier K
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021 Jun;19(6):864-882. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1111/ddg.14565. PMID: 34096678
Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings.
Maymone MBC, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jul;81(1):59-71. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060. PMID: 30447325
Lichen planus and lichenoid dermatoses: Clinical overview and molecular basis.
Tziotzios C, Lee JYW, Brier T, Saito R, Hsu CK, Bhargava K, Stefanato CM, Fenton DA, McGrath JA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Nov;79(5):789-804. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.02.010. PMID: 30318136
Oral Lichen Planus: an Overview of Potential Risk Factors, Biomarkers and Treatments.
Nosratzehi T
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018 May 26;19(5):1161-1167. doi: 10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.5.1161. PMID: 29801395Free PMC Article
Lichen planus pigmentosus and its variants: review and update.
Robles-Méndez JC, Rizo-Frías P, Herz-Ruelas ME, Pandya AG, Ocampo Candiani J
Int J Dermatol 2018 May;57(5):505-514. Epub 2017 Oct 26 doi: 10.1111/ijd.13806. PMID: 29076159

Clinical prediction guides

Nail psoriasis and nail lichen planus: Updates on diagnosis and management.
Hwang JK, Grover C, Iorizzo M, Lebwohl MG, Piraccini BM, Rigopoulos DG, Lipner SR
J Am Acad Dermatol 2024 Mar;90(3):585-596. Epub 2023 Nov 24 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.11.024. PMID: 38007038
Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: an overview of the recent updates.
Shah S, Baskaran N, Vinay K, Bishnoi A, Parsad D, Kumaran MS
Int J Dermatol 2023 Dec;62(12):1447-1457. Epub 2023 Sep 28 doi: 10.1111/ijd.16859. PMID: 37767951
Disease severity scoring systems in mucosal lichen planus: A systematic review.
Unnikrishnan SP, Rampersaud E, Mcgee A, Cruickshank ME, Abu-Eid R, Hijazi K
Oral Dis 2023 Nov;29(8):3136-3151. Epub 2022 Dec 8 doi: 10.1111/odi.14447. PMID: 36404123
Anxiety and oral lichen planus.
Liao H, Luo Y, Long L, Peng J, Qiu X, Yuan P, Xu H, Jiang L
Oral Dis 2021 Apr;27(3):506-514. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1111/odi.13569. PMID: 32697012
Oral Lichen Planus: an Overview of Potential Risk Factors, Biomarkers and Treatments.
Nosratzehi T
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018 May 26;19(5):1161-1167. doi: 10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.5.1161. PMID: 29801395Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

The Use of Janus Kinase Inhibitors for Lichen Planus: An Evidence-Based Review.
Abduelmula A, Bagit A, Mufti A, Yeung KCY, Yeung J
J Cutan Med Surg 2023 May-Jun;27(3):271-276. Epub 2023 Feb 23 doi: 10.1177/12034754231156100. PMID: 36815857Free PMC Article
Oral lichen planus: comparative efficacy and treatment costs-a systematic review.
Sandhu S, Klein BA, Al-Hadlaq M, Chirravur P, Bajonaid A, Xu Y, Intini R, Hussein M, Vacharotayangul P, Sroussi H, Treister N, Sonis S
BMC Oral Health 2022 May 6;22(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02168-4. PMID: 35524296Free PMC Article
Worldwide prevalence of oral lichen planus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
González-Moles MÁ, Warnakulasuriya S, González-Ruiz I, González-Ruiz L, Ayén Á, Lenouvel D, Ruiz-Ávila I, Ramos-García P
Oral Dis 2021 May;27(4):813-828. Epub 2020 Apr 2 doi: 10.1111/odi.13323. PMID: 32144836
Diabetes mellitus and oral cancer/oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ramos-Garcia P, Roca-Rodriguez MDM, Aguilar-Diosdado M, Gonzalez-Moles MA
Oral Dis 2021 Apr;27(3):404-421. Epub 2020 Feb 18 doi: 10.1111/odi.13289. PMID: 31994293
Treatment of oral lichen planus. Systematic review and therapeutic guide.
García-Pola MJ, González-Álvarez L, Garcia-Martin JM
Med Clin (Barc) 2017 Oct 23;149(8):351-362. Epub 2017 Jul 28 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.06.024. PMID: 28756997

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