U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination
  • CN376030 has been replaced by C5882743, showing C5882743

Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 27(HLD27)

MedGen UID:
1844996
Concept ID:
C5882743
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: HLD27
 
Gene (location): POLR1A (2p11.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0958018
OMIM®: 620675

Definition

Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy-27 (HLD27) is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder characterized by global developmental delay with impaired motor and intellectual development apparent from infancy. Affected individuals have poor or absent speech, ataxic gait or inability to sit or walk, spasticity, and abnormal eye movements (nystagmus, gaze palsy). Some patients have seizures. Disease progression and developmental regression consistent with neurodegeneration is often observed. Brain imaging shows progressive hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, and thin corpus callosum (Misceo et al., 2023). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of HLD, see 312080. [from OMIM]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Anheim M, Torres Martin JV, Kolb SA
Cerebellum 2020 Apr;19(2):243-251. doi: 10.1007/s12311-020-01102-0. PMID: 31933160

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Ashrafi M, Kameli R, Hosseinpour S, Razmara E, Zamani Z, Rezaei Z, Mashayekhi R, Pak N, Barzegar M, Azizimalamiri R, Kashani MR, Khosroshahi N, Rasulinezhad M, Heidari M, Amanat M, Abdi A, Mohammadi B, Mohammadi M, Zamani GR, Badv RS, Omrani A, Nikbakht S, Bereshneh AH, Movahedinia M, Moghaddam HF, Ardakani HS, Akbari MG, Tousi MB, Shahi MV, Hosseini F, Amouzadeh MH, Hosseini SA, Nikkhah A, Khajeh A, Alizadeh H, Yarali B, Rohani M, Karimi P, Elahi HML, Hosseiny SMM, Sadeghzadeh MS, Mohebbi H, Moghadam MH, Aryan H, Vahidnezhad H, Soveizi M, Rabbani B, Rabbani A, Mahdieh N, Garshasbi M, Tavasoli AR
Neurogenetics 2023 Oct;24(4):279-289. Epub 2023 Aug 19 doi: 10.1007/s10048-023-00730-y. PMID: 37597066
Malik P, Muthusamy K, Mankad K, Shroff M, Sudhakar S
Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020 Jul;27:9-24. Epub 2020 Apr 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.04.007. PMID: 32418752
Chelban V, Alsagob M, Kloth K, Chirita-Emandi A, Vandrovcova J, Maroofian R, Davagnanam I, Bakhtiari S, AlSayed MD, Rahbeeni Z, AlZaidan H, Malintan NT, Johannsen J, Efthymiou S, Ghayoor Karimiani E, Mankad K, Al-Shahrani SA, Beiraghi Toosi M, AlShammari M, Groppa S, Haridy NA, AlQuait L, Qari A, Huma R, Salih MA, Almass R, Almutairi FB, Hamad MH, Alorainy IA, Ramzan K, Imtiaz F, Puiu M, Kruer MC, Bierhals T, Wood NW, Colak D, Houlden H, Kaya N
Eur J Neurol 2020 Feb;27(2):334-342. Epub 2019 Oct 17 doi: 10.1111/ene.14082. PMID: 31509304Free PMC Article
Duignan S, Wright S, Rossor T, Cazabon J, Gilmour K, Ciccarelli O, Wassmer E, Lim M, Hemingway C, Hacohen Y
Dev Med Child Neurol 2018 Sep;60(9):958-962. Epub 2018 Feb 22 doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13703. PMID: 29468668
Daoud H, Tétreault M, Gibson W, Guerrero K, Cohen A, Gburek-Augustat J, Synofzik M, Brais B, Stevens CA, Sanchez-Carpintero R, Goizet C, Naidu S, Vanderver A, Bernard G
J Med Genet 2013 Mar;50(3):194-7. Epub 2013 Jan 25 doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-101357. PMID: 23355746

Diagnosis

Siori D, Vlachakis D, Makrythanasis P, Traeger-Synodinos J, Veltra D, Kampouraki A, Chrousos GP
Genes (Basel) 2024 Apr 23;15(5) doi: 10.3390/genes15050525. PMID: 38790154Free PMC Article
Ashrafi M, Kameli R, Hosseinpour S, Razmara E, Zamani Z, Rezaei Z, Mashayekhi R, Pak N, Barzegar M, Azizimalamiri R, Kashani MR, Khosroshahi N, Rasulinezhad M, Heidari M, Amanat M, Abdi A, Mohammadi B, Mohammadi M, Zamani GR, Badv RS, Omrani A, Nikbakht S, Bereshneh AH, Movahedinia M, Moghaddam HF, Ardakani HS, Akbari MG, Tousi MB, Shahi MV, Hosseini F, Amouzadeh MH, Hosseini SA, Nikkhah A, Khajeh A, Alizadeh H, Yarali B, Rohani M, Karimi P, Elahi HML, Hosseiny SMM, Sadeghzadeh MS, Mohebbi H, Moghadam MH, Aryan H, Vahidnezhad H, Soveizi M, Rabbani B, Rabbani A, Mahdieh N, Garshasbi M, Tavasoli AR
Neurogenetics 2023 Oct;24(4):279-289. Epub 2023 Aug 19 doi: 10.1007/s10048-023-00730-y. PMID: 37597066
Malik P, Muthusamy K, Mankad K, Shroff M, Sudhakar S
Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020 Jul;27:9-24. Epub 2020 Apr 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.04.007. PMID: 32418752
Chelban V, Alsagob M, Kloth K, Chirita-Emandi A, Vandrovcova J, Maroofian R, Davagnanam I, Bakhtiari S, AlSayed MD, Rahbeeni Z, AlZaidan H, Malintan NT, Johannsen J, Efthymiou S, Ghayoor Karimiani E, Mankad K, Al-Shahrani SA, Beiraghi Toosi M, AlShammari M, Groppa S, Haridy NA, AlQuait L, Qari A, Huma R, Salih MA, Almass R, Almutairi FB, Hamad MH, Alorainy IA, Ramzan K, Imtiaz F, Puiu M, Kruer MC, Bierhals T, Wood NW, Colak D, Houlden H, Kaya N
Eur J Neurol 2020 Feb;27(2):334-342. Epub 2019 Oct 17 doi: 10.1111/ene.14082. PMID: 31509304Free PMC Article
Kumar S, Mattan NS, de Vellis J
Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 2006;12(2):157-65. doi: 10.1002/mrdd.20108. PMID: 16807907

Therapy

Kristjánsdóttir R, Uvebrant P, Hagberg B, Kyllerman M, Wiklund LM, Blennow G, Flodmark O, Gustavsson L, Ekholm S, Månsson JE
Neuropediatrics 1996 Dec;27(6):295-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-973797. PMID: 9050046

Prognosis

Siori D, Vlachakis D, Makrythanasis P, Traeger-Synodinos J, Veltra D, Kampouraki A, Chrousos GP
Genes (Basel) 2024 Apr 23;15(5) doi: 10.3390/genes15050525. PMID: 38790154Free PMC Article
Chelban V, Alsagob M, Kloth K, Chirita-Emandi A, Vandrovcova J, Maroofian R, Davagnanam I, Bakhtiari S, AlSayed MD, Rahbeeni Z, AlZaidan H, Malintan NT, Johannsen J, Efthymiou S, Ghayoor Karimiani E, Mankad K, Al-Shahrani SA, Beiraghi Toosi M, AlShammari M, Groppa S, Haridy NA, AlQuait L, Qari A, Huma R, Salih MA, Almass R, Almutairi FB, Hamad MH, Alorainy IA, Ramzan K, Imtiaz F, Puiu M, Kruer MC, Bierhals T, Wood NW, Colak D, Houlden H, Kaya N
Eur J Neurol 2020 Feb;27(2):334-342. Epub 2019 Oct 17 doi: 10.1111/ene.14082. PMID: 31509304Free PMC Article
Duignan S, Wright S, Rossor T, Cazabon J, Gilmour K, Ciccarelli O, Wassmer E, Lim M, Hemingway C, Hacohen Y
Dev Med Child Neurol 2018 Sep;60(9):958-962. Epub 2018 Feb 22 doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13703. PMID: 29468668
Miyake N, Wolf NI, Cayami FK, Crawford J, Bley A, Bulas D, Conant A, Bent SJ, Gripp KW, Hahn A, Humphray S, Kimura-Ohba S, Kingsbury Z, Lajoie BR, Lal D, Micha D, Pizzino A, Sinke RJ, Sival D, Stolte-Dijkstra I, Superti-Furga A, Ulrick N, Taft RJ, Ogata T, Ozono K, Matsumoto N, Neubauer BA, Simons C, Vanderver A
Neurogenetics 2017 Dec;18(4):185-194. Epub 2017 Aug 26 doi: 10.1007/s10048-017-0520-x. PMID: 28842795Free PMC Article
Kristjánsdóttir R, Uvebrant P, Hagberg B, Kyllerman M, Wiklund LM, Blennow G, Flodmark O, Gustavsson L, Ekholm S, Månsson JE
Neuropediatrics 1996 Dec;27(6):295-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-973797. PMID: 9050046

Clinical prediction guides

Trimouille A, Marguet F, Sauvestre F, Lasseaux E, Pelluard F, Martin-Négrier ML, Plaisant C, Rooryck C, Lacombe D, Arveiler B, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Naudion S, Laquerrière A
Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020 Apr 15;8(1):48. doi: 10.1186/s40478-020-00929-2. PMID: 32293553Free PMC Article
Miyake N, Wolf NI, Cayami FK, Crawford J, Bley A, Bulas D, Conant A, Bent SJ, Gripp KW, Hahn A, Humphray S, Kimura-Ohba S, Kingsbury Z, Lajoie BR, Lal D, Micha D, Pizzino A, Sinke RJ, Sival D, Stolte-Dijkstra I, Superti-Furga A, Ulrick N, Taft RJ, Ogata T, Ozono K, Matsumoto N, Neubauer BA, Simons C, Vanderver A
Neurogenetics 2017 Dec;18(4):185-194. Epub 2017 Aug 26 doi: 10.1007/s10048-017-0520-x. PMID: 28842795Free PMC Article
Jurkiewicz E, Dunin-Wąsowicz D, Gieruszczak-Białek D, Malczyk K, Guerrero K, Gutierrez M, Tran L, Bernard G
Clin Neuroradiol 2017 Jun;27(2):213-220. Epub 2015 Oct 19 doi: 10.1007/s00062-015-0472-1. PMID: 26478204Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...