From HPO
Cryptorchidism- MedGen UID:
- 8192
- •Concept ID:
- C0010417
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Cryptorchidism, or failure of testicular descent, is a common human congenital abnormality with a multifactorial etiology that likely reflects the involvement of endocrine, environmental, and hereditary factors. Cryptorchidism can result in infertility and increases risk for testicular tumors. Testicular descent from abdomen to scrotum occurs in 2 distinct phases: the transabdominal phase and the inguinoscrotal phase (summary by Gorlov et al., 2002).
Clubfoot- MedGen UID:
- 3130
- •Concept ID:
- C0009081
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Clubfoot is a congenital limb deformity defined as fixation of the foot in cavus, adductus, varus, and equinus (i.e., inclined inwards, axially rotated outwards, and pointing downwards) with concomitant soft tissue abnormalities (Cardy et al., 2007). Clubfoot may occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome (e.g., diastrophic dysplasia, 222600). Clubfoot has been reported with deficiency of long bones and mirror-image polydactyly (Gurnett et al., 2008; Klopocki et al., 2012).
Knee flexion contracture- MedGen UID:
- 98042
- •Concept ID:
- C0409355
- •
- Finding
A type of knee joint contracture in which the knee is in a fixed bent (flexed) configuration such that it cannot be straightened actively or passively.
Single transverse palmar crease- MedGen UID:
- 96108
- •Concept ID:
- C0424731
- •
- Finding
The distal and proximal transverse palmar creases are merged into a single transverse palmar crease.
Short phalanx of finger- MedGen UID:
- 163753
- •Concept ID:
- C0877165
- •
- Finding
Short (hypoplastic) phalanx of finger, affecting one or more phalanges.
Overlapping toe- MedGen UID:
- 182531
- •Concept ID:
- C0920299
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Describes a foot digit resting on the dorsal surface of an adjacent digit when the foot is at rest. Initially clawing may be dynamic and only noticeable on walking. Over time the plantar plate tears, subluxation occurs at the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ), and the deformity becomes permanent.
Cutaneous finger syndactyly- MedGen UID:
- 866898
- •Concept ID:
- C4021254
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A soft tissue continuity in the A/P axis between two fingers that extends distally to at least the level of the proximal interphalangeal joints, or a soft tissue continuity in the A/P axis between two fingers that lies significantly distal to the flexion crease that overlies the metacarpophalangeal joint of the adjacent fingers.
Ulnar deviation of the hand or of fingers of the hand- MedGen UID:
- 892857
- •Concept ID:
- C4048199
- •
- Finding
Short stature- MedGen UID:
- 87607
- •Concept ID:
- C0349588
- •
- Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Intellectual disability, mild- MedGen UID:
- 10044
- •Concept ID:
- C0026106
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Mild intellectual disability is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69.
Global developmental delay- MedGen UID:
- 107838
- •Concept ID:
- C0557874
- •
- Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Chiari type I malformation- MedGen UID:
- 196689
- •Concept ID:
- C0750929
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Arnold-Chiari type I malformation refers to a relatively mild degree of herniation of the posteroinferior region of the cerebellum (the cerebellar tonsils) into the cervical canal with little or no displacement of the fourth ventricle. It is characterized by one or both pointed (not rounded) cerebellar tonsils that project 5 mm below the foramen magnum, measured by a line drawn from the basion to the opisthion (McRae Line)
Congenital hip dislocation- MedGen UID:
- 9258
- •Concept ID:
- C0019555
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Micrognathia- MedGen UID:
- 44428
- •Concept ID:
- C0025990
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.
Scoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 11348
- •Concept ID:
- C0036439
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Distal arthrogryposis- MedGen UID:
- 120512
- •Concept ID:
- C0265213
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An inherited primary limb malformation disorder characterized by congenital contractures of two or more different body areas and without primary neurologic and/or muscle disease that affects limb function.
Camptodactyly of finger- MedGen UID:
- 98041
- •Concept ID:
- C0409348
- •
- Finding
The distal interphalangeal joint and/or the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers cannot be extended to 180 degrees by either active or passive extension.
Kyphoscoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 154361
- •Concept ID:
- C0575158
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal (lateral) and sagittal (back-to-front) plane.
Thoracolumbar scoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 196671
- •Concept ID:
- C0749379
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Lumbar hyperlordosis- MedGen UID:
- 263149
- •Concept ID:
- C1184923
- •
- Finding
An abnormal accentuation of the inward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region.
Decreased hip abduction- MedGen UID:
- 332244
- •Concept ID:
- C1836589
- •
- Finding
Reduced ability to move the femur outward to the side.
Decreased muscle mass- MedGen UID:
- 373256
- •Concept ID:
- C1837108
- •
- Finding
Down-sloping shoulders- MedGen UID:
- 346461
- •Concept ID:
- C1856872
- •
- Finding
Low set, steeply sloping shoulders.
Pectus excavatum- MedGen UID:
- 781174
- •Concept ID:
- C2051831
- •
- Finding
A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance.
Camptodactyly of toe- MedGen UID:
- 867404
- •Concept ID:
- C4021774
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Camptodactyly is a painless flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint that is usually gradually progressive. This term refers to camptodactyly of one or more toes.
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita- MedGen UID:
- 1830310
- •Concept ID:
- C5779613
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Multiple congenital contractures in different body areas.
High palate- MedGen UID:
- 66814
- •Concept ID:
- C0240635
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective).
Submucous cleft hard palate- MedGen UID:
- 98472
- •Concept ID:
- C0432103
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Hard-palate submucous clefts are characterized by bony defects in the midline of the bony palate that are covered by the mucous membrane of the roof of the mouth. It may be possible to detect a submucous cleft hard palate upon palpation as a notch in the bony palate.
Short neck- MedGen UID:
- 99267
- •Concept ID:
- C0521525
- •
- Finding
Diminished length of the neck.
Epicanthus- MedGen UID:
- 151862
- •Concept ID:
- C0678230
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Epicanthus is a condition in which a fold of skin stretches from the upper to the lower eyelid, partially covering the inner canthus. Usher (1935) noted that epicanthus is a normal finding in the fetus of all races. Epicanthus also occurs in association with hereditary ptosis (110100).
Facial asymmetry- MedGen UID:
- 266298
- •Concept ID:
- C1306710
- •
- Finding
An abnormal difference between the left and right sides of the face.
Cleft palate- MedGen UID:
- 756015
- •Concept ID:
- C2981150
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate).
Bifid uvula- MedGen UID:
- 1646931
- •Concept ID:
- C4551488
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Uvula separated into two parts most easily seen at the tip.
Ptosis- MedGen UID:
- 2287
- •Concept ID:
- C0005745
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective).
Ophthalmoplegia- MedGen UID:
- 45205
- •Concept ID:
- C0029089
- •
- Sign or Symptom
Paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles that are responsible for eye movements.
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of the eye
- Abnormality of the genitourinary system
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Growth abnormality