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Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 5(ARVC5; ARVD5)

MedGen UID:
346805
•Concept ID:
C1858379
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, type 5; ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA, FAMILIAL, 5; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy 5
 
Gene (location): TMEM43 (3p25.1)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0011459
OMIM®: 604400

Disease characteristics

Excerpted from the GeneReview: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) – previously referred to as arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) – is characterized by progressive fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium that predisposes to ventricular tachycardia and sudden death in young individuals and athletes. It primarily affects the right ventricle, and it may also involve the left ventricle. The presentation of disease is highly variable even within families, and some affected individuals may not meet established clinical criteria. The mean age at diagnosis is 31 years (±13; range: 4-64 years). [from GeneReviews]
Full text of GeneReview (by section):
Summary  |  Diagnosis  |  Clinical Characteristics  |  Genetically Related (Allelic) Disorders  |  Differential Diagnosis  |  Management  |  Genetic Counseling  |  Resources  |  Molecular Genetics  |  References  |  Chapter Notes
Authors:
Elizabeth McNally  |  Heather MacLeod  |  Lisa Dellefave-Castillo   view full author information

Additional description

From MedlinePlus Genetics
ARVC may not cause any symptoms in its early stages. However, affected individuals may still be at risk of sudden death, especially during strenuous exercise. When symptoms occur, they most commonly include a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations), light-headedness, and fainting (syncope). Over time, ARVC can also cause shortness of breath and abnormal swelling in the legs or abdomen. If the myocardium becomes severely damaged in the later stages of the disease, it can lead to heart failure.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a form of heart disease that usually appears in adulthood. ARVC is a disorder of the myocardium, which is the muscular wall of the heart. This condition causes part of the myocardium to break down over time, increasing the risk of an abnormal heartbeat (arrhythmia) and sudden death.  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/arrhythmogenic-right-ventricular-cardiomyopathy

Clinical features

From HPO
Chest pain
MedGen UID:
2992
•Concept ID:
C0008031
•
Sign or Symptom
An unpleasant sensation characterized by physical discomfort (such as pricking, throbbing, or aching) localized to the chest.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Sudden cardiac death
MedGen UID:
38841
•Concept ID:
C0085298
•
Pathologic Function
The heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating resulting in death within a short time period (generally within 1 h of symptom onset).
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Congestive heart failure
MedGen UID:
9169
•Concept ID:
C0018802
•
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormality of cardiac function that is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate that is commensurate with the needs of the tissues or a state in which abnormally elevated filling pressures are required for the heart to do so. Heart failure is frequently related to a defect in myocardial contraction.
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Palpitations
MedGen UID:
14579
•Concept ID:
C0030252
•
Finding
A sensation that the heart is pounding or racing, which is a non-specific sign but may be a manifestation of arrhythmia.
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Ventricular tachycardia
MedGen UID:
12068
•Concept ID:
C0042514
•
Finding
A tachycardia originating in the ventricles characterized by rapid heart rate (over 100 beats per minute) and broad QRS complexes (over 120 ms).
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Premature ventricular contraction
MedGen UID:
56236
•Concept ID:
C0151636
•
Disease or Syndrome
Premature ventricular contractions (PVC) or ventricular extrasystoles are premature contractions of the heart that arise in response to an impulse in the ventricles rather than the normal impulse from the sinoatrial (SA) node.
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Prolonged QRS complex
MedGen UID:
489828
•Concept ID:
C0235475
•
Finding
Increased time for the complex comprised of the Q wave, R wave, and S wave as measured by the electrocardiogram (EKG).. In adults, normal values are 0.06 - 0.10 sec.
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Presyncope
MedGen UID:
148578
•Concept ID:
C0700200
•
Sign or Symptom
Presyncope is a state of lightheadedness, muscular weakness, blurred vision, and feeling faint. Presyncope is most often cardiovascular in cause.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Right ventricular cardiomyopathy
MedGen UID:
384481
•Concept ID:
C2063326
•
Disease or Syndrome
Right ventricular dysfunction (global or regional) with functional and morphological right ventricular abnormalities, with or without left ventricular disease.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Dyskinesia
MedGen UID:
8514
•Concept ID:
C0013384
•
Disease or Syndrome
A movement disorder which consists of effects including diminished voluntary movements and the presence of involuntary movements.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
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Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Importance of genotype for risk stratification in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy using the 2019 ARVC risk calculator.
Protonotarios A, Bariani R, Cappelletto C, Pavlou M, García-García A, Cipriani A, Protonotarios I, Rivas A, Wittenberg R, Graziosi M, Xylouri Z, Larrañaga-Moreira JM, de Luca A, Celeghin R, Pilichou K, Bakalakos A, Lopes LR, Savvatis K, Stolfo D, Dal Ferro M, Merlo M, Basso C, Freire JL, Rodriguez-Palomares JF, Kubo T, Ripoll-Vera T, Barriales-Villa R, Antoniades L, Mogensen J, Garcia-Pavia P, Wahbi K, Biagini E, Anastasakis A, Tsatsopoulou A, Zorio E, Gimeno JR, Garcia-Pinilla JM, Syrris P, Sinagra G, Bauce B, Elliott PM
Eur Heart J 2022 Aug 21;43(32):3053-3067. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac235. PMID: 35766183Free PMC Article
Diagnosis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: The Padua criteria.
Corrado D, Perazzolo Marra M, Zorzi A, Beffagna G, Cipriani A, Lazzari M, Migliore F, Pilichou K, Rampazzo A, Rigato I, Rizzo S, Thiene G, Anastasakis A, Asimaki A, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Haugaa KH, Marchlinski FE, Mazzanti A, McKenna WJ, Pantazis A, Pelliccia A, Schmied C, Sharma S, Wichter T, Bauce B, Basso C
Int J Cardiol 2020 Nov 15;319:106-114. Epub 2020 Jun 16 doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.06.005. PMID: 32561223
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: evaluation of the current diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis.
Corrado D, van Tintelen PJ, McKenna WJ, Hauer RNW, Anastastakis A, Asimaki A, Basso C, Bauce B, Brunckhorst C, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Duru F, Elliott P, Hamilton RM, Haugaa KH, James CA, Judge D, Link MS, Marchlinski FE, Mazzanti A, Mestroni L, Pantazis A, Pelliccia A, Marra MP, Pilichou K, Platonov PGA, Protonotarios A, Rampazzo A, Saffitz JE, Saguner AM, Schmied C, Sharma S, Tandri H, Te Riele ASJM, Thiene G, Tsatsopoulou A, Zareba W, Zorzi A, Wichter T, Marcus FI, Calkins H; International Experts
Eur Heart J 2020 Apr 7;41(14):1414-1429. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz669. PMID: 31637441Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Clinical spectrum of ventricular tachycardia with left bundle branch morphology.
Reiter MJ, Smith WM, Gallagher JJ
Am J Cardiol 1983 Jan 1;51(1):113-21. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(83)80021-6. PMID: 6849249

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