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Prostate adenocarcinoma

MedGen UID:
764
•Concept ID:
C0007112
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonym: Adenocarcinoma of prostate
SNOMED CT: Adenocarcinoma of prostate (399490008)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005082

Definition

An adenocarcinoma arising from the prostate gland. It is one of the most common malignant tumors afflicting men. The majority of adenocarcinomas arise in the peripheral zone and a minority occurs in the central or the transitional zone of the prostate gland. Grading of prostatic adenocarcinoma predicts disease progression and correlates with survival. Several grading systems have been proposed, of which the Gleason system is the most commonly used. Gleason sums of 2 to 4 represent well-differentiated disease, 5 to 7 moderately differentiated disease and 8 to 10 poorly differentiated disease. Prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) serum test is widely used as a screening test for the early detection of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Treatment options include radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen ablation and cryotherapy. Watchful waiting or surveillance alone is an option for older patients with low-grade or low-stage disease. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and Management of Primary Prostatic Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: Single-Center Experience.
Li P, Zhou Z, Bao M, Li J, Meng X, Liu B, Tang M
Am J Mens Health 2022 Mar-Apr;16(2):15579883221087839. doi: 10.1177/15579883221087839. PMID: 35315313Free PMC Article
Brachytherapy in the Management of Prostate Cancer.
Stish BJ, Davis BJ, Mynderse LA, Deufel CL, Choo R
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2017 Jul;26(3):491-513. Epub 2017 May 11 doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2017.01.008. PMID: 28576185
Beyond Prostate Adenocarcinoma: Expanding the Differential Diagnosis in Prostate Pathologic Conditions.
Li Y, Mongan J, Behr SC, Sud S, Coakley FV, Simko J, Westphalen AC
Radiographics 2016 Jul-Aug;36(4):1055-75. Epub 2016 Jun 17 doi: 10.1148/rg.2016150226. PMID: 27315446

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The signature of cuproptosis-related immune genes predicts the tumor microenvironment and prognosis of prostate adenocarcinoma.
Yao K, Zhang R, Li L, Liu M, Feng S, Yan H, Zhang Z, Xie D
Front Immunol 2023;14:1181370. Epub 2023 Aug 2 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181370. PMID: 37600770Free PMC Article
LncRNA H19 promotes tumor angiogenesis in smokers by targeting anti-angiogenic miRNAs.
Shirvaliloo M
Epigenomics 2023 Jan;15(2):61-73. Epub 2023 Feb 19 doi: 10.2217/epi-2022-0145. PMID: 36802727
18F-Fluciclovine-Avid Pulmonary Hamartoma.
Baldeosingh SC, Rowe SP, Greco SC, Paller CJ, Goel R
Clin Nucl Med 2021 Nov 1;46(11):919-921. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003672. PMID: 34582137Free PMC Article
Doublecortin Expression in Prostate Adenocarcinoma and Neuroendocrine Tumors.
Tabrizi S, Alshalalfa M, Mahal BA, Davicioni E, Liu Y, Mouw KW, Feng F, Nguyen PL, Muralidhar V
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020 Nov 15;108(4):936-940. Epub 2020 Jun 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.06.024. PMID: 32585335
Brachytherapy in the Management of Prostate Cancer.
Stish BJ, Davis BJ, Mynderse LA, Deufel CL, Choo R
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2017 Jul;26(3):491-513. Epub 2017 May 11 doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2017.01.008. PMID: 28576185

Diagnosis

Exportin 1 inhibition prevents neuroendocrine transformation through SOX2 down-regulation in lung and prostate cancers.
Quintanal-Villalonga A, Durani V, Sabet A, Redin E, Kawasaki K, Shafer M, Karthaus WR, Zaidi S, Zhan YA, Manoj P, Sridhar H, Shah NS, Chow A, Bhanot UK, Linkov I, Asher M, Yu HA, Qiu J, de Stanchina E, Patel RA, Morrissey C, Haffner MC, Koche RP, Sawyers CL, Rudin CM
Sci Transl Med 2023 Aug 2;15(707):eadf7006. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf7006. PMID: 37531417Free PMC Article
MARCO is a potential prognostic and immunotherapy biomarker.
Dong Q, Zhang S, Zhang H, Sun J, Lu J, Wang G, Wang X
Int Immunopharmacol 2023 Mar;116:109783. Epub 2023 Feb 9 doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109783. PMID: 36773567
Uncommon Prostate Malignant Neoplasms.
Horvat N, Gusmao M, Coelho FMA, Dias AB, Bordini AL, Panizza PSB, Cardili L, Horvat JV, Viana PCC
Top Magn Reson Imaging 2020 Feb;29(1):31-45. doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000230. PMID: 32015293
Epigenetics of Urological Cancers.
Schulz WA, Sørensen KD
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Sep 26;20(19) doi: 10.3390/ijms20194775. PMID: 31561442Free PMC Article
Prostate Ductal Adenocarcinoma.
Amin A
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2018 Aug;26(7):514-521. doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000508. PMID: 28362706

Therapy

Targeting DNA methylation and B7-H3 in RB1-deficient and neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
Yamada Y, Venkadakrishnan VB, Mizuno K, Bakht M, Ku SY, Garcia MM, Beltran H
Sci Transl Med 2023 Nov 15;15(722):eadf6732. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf6732. PMID: 37967200Free PMC Article
Testosterone suppression plus enzalutamide versus testosterone suppression plus standard antiandrogen therapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (ENZAMET): an international, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
Sweeney CJ, Martin AJ, Stockler MR, Begbie S, Cheung L, Chi KN, Chowdhury S, Frydenberg M, Horvath LG, Joshua AM, Lawrence NJ, Marx G, McCaffrey J, McDermott R, McJannett M, North SA, Parnis F, Parulekar W, Pook DW, Reaume MN, Sandhu SK, Tan A, Tan TH, Thomson A, Vera-Badillo F, Williams SG, Winter D, Yip S, Zhang AY, Zielinski RR, Davis ID; ENZAMET trial investigators and Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group
Lancet Oncol 2023 Apr;24(4):323-334. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00063-3. PMID: 36990608
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus stereotactic body radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PACE-B): 2-year toxicity results from an open-label, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial.
Tree AC, Ostler P, van der Voet H, Chu W, Loblaw A, Ford D, Tolan S, Jain S, Martin A, Staffurth J, Armstrong J, Camilleri P, Kancherla K, Frew J, Chan A, Dayes IS, Duffton A, Brand DH, Henderson D, Morrison K, Brown S, Pugh J, Burnett S, Mahmud M, Hinder V, Naismith O, Hall E, van As N; PACE Trial Investigators
Lancet Oncol 2022 Oct;23(10):1308-1320. Epub 2022 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00517-4. PMID: 36113498
Abiraterone plus prednisone added to androgen deprivation therapy and docetaxel in de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (PEACE-1): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study with a 2 × 2 factorial design.
Fizazi K, Foulon S, Carles J, Roubaud G, McDermott R, Fléchon A, Tombal B, Supiot S, Berthold D, Ronchin P, Kacso G, Gravis G, Calabro F, Berdah JF, Hasbini A, Silva M, Thiery-Vuillemin A, Latorzeff I, Mourey L, Laguerre B, Abadie-Lacourtoisie S, Martin E, El Kouri C, Escande A, Rosello A, Magne N, Schlurmann F, Priou F, Chand-Fouche ME, Freixa SV, Jamaluddin M, Rieger I, Bossi A; PEACE-1 investigators
Lancet 2022 Apr 30;399(10336):1695-1707. Epub 2022 Apr 8 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00367-1. PMID: 35405085
Prostate-Only Versus Whole-Pelvic Radiation Therapy in High-Risk and Very High-Risk Prostate Cancer (POP-RT): Outcomes From Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial.
Murthy V, Maitre P, Kannan S, Panigrahi G, Krishnatry R, Bakshi G, Prakash G, Pal M, Menon S, Phurailatpam R, Mokal S, Chaurasiya D, Popat P, Sable N, Agarwal A, Rangarajan V, Joshi A, Noronha V, Prabhash K, Mahantshetty U
J Clin Oncol 2021 Apr 10;39(11):1234-1242. Epub 2021 Jan 26 doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.03282. PMID: 33497252

Prognosis

The signature of cuproptosis-related immune genes predicts the tumor microenvironment and prognosis of prostate adenocarcinoma.
Yao K, Zhang R, Li L, Liu M, Feng S, Yan H, Zhang Z, Xie D
Front Immunol 2023;14:1181370. Epub 2023 Aug 2 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181370. PMID: 37600770Free PMC Article
Exportin 1 inhibition prevents neuroendocrine transformation through SOX2 down-regulation in lung and prostate cancers.
Quintanal-Villalonga A, Durani V, Sabet A, Redin E, Kawasaki K, Shafer M, Karthaus WR, Zaidi S, Zhan YA, Manoj P, Sridhar H, Shah NS, Chow A, Bhanot UK, Linkov I, Asher M, Yu HA, Qiu J, de Stanchina E, Patel RA, Morrissey C, Haffner MC, Koche RP, Sawyers CL, Rudin CM
Sci Transl Med 2023 Aug 2;15(707):eadf7006. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf7006. PMID: 37531417Free PMC Article
MARCO is a potential prognostic and immunotherapy biomarker.
Dong Q, Zhang S, Zhang H, Sun J, Lu J, Wang G, Wang X
Int Immunopharmacol 2023 Mar;116:109783. Epub 2023 Feb 9 doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109783. PMID: 36773567
Epigenetics of Urological Cancers.
Schulz WA, Sørensen KD
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Sep 26;20(19) doi: 10.3390/ijms20194775. PMID: 31561442Free PMC Article
Prostate Ductal Adenocarcinoma.
Amin A
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2018 Aug;26(7):514-521. doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000508. PMID: 28362706

Clinical prediction guides

The prevalence and clinical significance of HER2 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma.
Estephan F, Lap CJ, Banagan J, Antonio M, Liu S, Diao G, Rozalen AZ, Rajendran R, Krasnow S, Subrahmanyam R, Nava VE, Jain M
Ann Diagn Pathol 2023 Dec;67:152219. Epub 2023 Oct 20 doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152219. PMID: 38622987
The signature of cuproptosis-related immune genes predicts the tumor microenvironment and prognosis of prostate adenocarcinoma.
Yao K, Zhang R, Li L, Liu M, Feng S, Yan H, Zhang Z, Xie D
Front Immunol 2023;14:1181370. Epub 2023 Aug 2 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181370. PMID: 37600770Free PMC Article
Identification of Bone Metastatic and Prognostic Alternative Splicing Signatures in Prostate Adenocarcinoma.
Zhu J, Zhang J, Hu P, Fan M, Song D, Yin H, Yan P, Xian S, Li Z, Guo J, Long C, Xu R, Huang R, Meng T, Zhang J, Huang Z
Biochem Genet 2023 Dec;61(6):2242-2259. Epub 2023 Apr 3 doi: 10.1007/s10528-023-10367-z. PMID: 37010714Free PMC Article
Immune infiltration phenotypes of prostate adenocarcinoma and their clinical implications.
Ma Z, Cheng X, Yue T, Shangguan X, Xin Z, Zhang W, Pan J, Wang Q, Xue W
Cancer Med 2021 Aug;10(15):5358-5374. Epub 2021 Jun 15 doi: 10.1002/cam4.4063. PMID: 34128342Free PMC Article
Gleason and Fuhrman no longer make the grade.
Delahunt B, Egevad L, Samaratunga H, Martignoni G, Nacey JN, Srigley JR
Histopathology 2016 Mar;68(4):475-81. Epub 2015 Nov 16 doi: 10.1111/his.12803. PMID: 26266664

Recent systematic reviews

Dose-escalated radiotherapy for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer.
Kim S, Kong JH, Lee Y, Lee JY, Kang TW, Kong TH, Kim MH, You SH
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023 Mar 8;3(3):CD012817. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012817.pub2. PMID: 36884035Free PMC Article
Non-obstructive jaundice as paraneoplastic syndrome of prostate carcinoma: Systematic review of published cases.
Santandreu-Morales I, Redondo-Cerezo E, Martín-Enguix D
Med Clin (Barc) 2023 Mar 10;160(5):206-212. Epub 2022 Dec 14 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2022.11.001. PMID: 36526448
Possible association and co-existence of schistosome infection and prostate cancer: A systematic review.
Choto ET, Mduluza T, Sibanda EN, Mutapi F, Chimbari MJ
Afr J Reprod Health 2020 Dec;24(4):185-197. doi: 10.29063/ajrh2020/v24i4.19. PMID: 34077083
Her-2/neu expression in prostate adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Neto AS, Tobias-Machado M, Wroclawski ML, Fonseca FL, Teixeira GK, Amarante RD, Wroclawski ER, Del Giglio A
J Urol 2010 Sep;184(3):842-50. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.04.077. PMID: 20663525
A systematic review and meta-analysis of bone metabolism in prostate adenocarcinoma.
Serpa Neto A, Tobias-Machado M, Esteves MA, Senra MD, Wroclawski ML, Fonseca FL, dos Reis RB, Pompeo AC, Del Giglio A
BMC Urol 2010 May 19;10:9. doi: 10.1186/1471-2490-10-9. PMID: 20482867Free PMC Article

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