U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Disorder of anus

MedGen UID:
359
•Concept ID:
C0003462
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Anus Disease; Anus Diseases; Disease, Anus; Diseases, Anus
SNOMED CT: Disorder of anus (32110003); Anal disorder (32110003)

Definition

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the anal canal or anal margin. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include hemorrhoids and anal ulcer. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include carcinoma, lymphoma, and melanoma. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Proctalgia Syndromes: Update in Diagnosis and Management.
Carrington EV, Popa SL, Chiarioni G
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2020 Jun 9;22(7):35. doi: 10.1007/s11894-020-00768-0. PMID: 32519087
Benign Anorectal Conditions: Evaluation and Management.
Cohee MW, Hurff A, Gazewood JD
Am Fam Physician 2020 Jan 1;101(1):24-33. PMID: 31894930
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Pinworm Infection.
Wendt S, Trawinski H, Schubert S, Rodloff AC, Mössner J, Lübbert C
Dtsch Arztebl Int 2019 Mar 29;116(13):213-219. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0213. PMID: 31064642Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The London Classification: Improving Characterization and Classification of Anorectal Function with Anorectal Manometry.
Scott SM, Carrington EV
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2020 Sep 15;22(11):55. doi: 10.1007/s11894-020-00793-z. PMID: 32935278Free PMC Article
Evaluation and management of perianal abscess and anal fistula: SICCR position statement.
Amato A, Bottini C, De Nardi P, Giamundo P, Lauretta A, Realis Luc A, Piloni V
Tech Coloproctol 2020 Feb;24(2):127-143. Epub 2020 Jan 23 doi: 10.1007/s10151-019-02144-1. PMID: 31974827
Perianal abscess.
Sahnan K, Adegbola SO, Tozer PJ, Watfah J, Phillips RK
BMJ 2017 Feb 21;356:j475. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j475. PMID: 28223268
Anorectal sepsis.
Hughes F, Mehta S
Hosp Med 2002 Mar;63(3):166-9. doi: 10.12968/hosp.2002.63.3.2063. PMID: 11933821
Common anorectal disorders.
Lieberman DA
Ann Intern Med 1984 Dec;101(6):837-46. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-101-6-837. PMID: 6388455

Diagnosis

Chronic anal pain: A review of causes, diagnosis, and treatment.
Knowles CH, Cohen RC
Cleve Clin J Med 2022 Jun 1;89(6):336-343. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.89a.21102. PMID: 35649568
Treatment of Perianal Abscess and Fistula in Infants and Young Children: From Basic Etiology to Clinical Features.
Ding W, Sun YR, Wu ZJ
Am Surg 2021 Jun;87(6):927-932. Epub 2020 Dec 7 doi: 10.1177/0003134820954829. PMID: 33284051
Anorectal Disorders: An Update.
Rao SSC, Tetangco EP
J Clin Gastroenterol 2020 Aug;54(7):606-613. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001348. PMID: 32692116
Benign Anorectal Conditions: Evaluation and Management.
Cohee MW, Hurff A, Gazewood JD
Am Fam Physician 2020 Jan 1;101(1):24-33. PMID: 31894930
Anorectal and Pelvic Pain.
Bharucha AE, Lee TH
Mayo Clin Proc 2016 Oct;91(10):1471-1486. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.08.011. PMID: 27712641Free PMC Article

Therapy

Postoperative Packing of Perianal Abscess Cavities (PPAC2): randomized clinical trial.
Newton K, Dumville J, Briggs M, Law J, Martin J, Pearce L, Kirwan C, Pinkney T, Needham A, Jackson R, Winn S, McCulloch H, Hill J; PPAC2 Collaborators
Br J Surg 2022 Sep 9;109(10):951-957. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znac225. PMID: 35929816Free PMC Article
ECOG-ACRIN Guideline for Contouring and Treatment of Early Stage Anal Cancer Using IMRT/IGRT.
Damico N, Meyer J, Das P, Murphy J, Miller E, Koontz B, Hall W, McBride M, Pereira G, Catalano P, Chakravarthy AB, O'Dwyer PJ, Dorth J
Pract Radiat Oncol 2022 Jul-Aug;12(4):335-347. doi: 10.1016/j.prro.2022.01.015. PMID: 35717050
Modern Management of Perianal Crohn's Disease: A Review.
Williams JL, Shaffer VO
Am Surg 2021 Sep;87(9):1361-1367. Epub 2020 Dec 19 doi: 10.1177/0003134820956331. PMID: 33345571
Proctalgia Syndromes: Update in Diagnosis and Management.
Carrington EV, Popa SL, Chiarioni G
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2020 Jun 9;22(7):35. doi: 10.1007/s11894-020-00768-0. PMID: 32519087
Current treatments for anal condylomata acuminata.
Mistrangelo M, Dal Conte I, Volpatto S, DI Benedetto G, Testa V, Currado F, Morino M
Minerva Chir 2018 Feb;73(1):100-106. Epub 2017 Nov 20 doi: 10.23736/S0026-4733.17.07554-X. PMID: 29154519

Prognosis

Incidence and Clearance of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in 16 164 Individuals, According to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status, Sex, and Male Sexuality: An International Pooled Analysis of 34 Longitudinal Studies.
Wei F, Goodman MT, Xia N, Zhang J, Giuliano AR, D'Souza G, Hessol NA, Schim van der Loeff MF, Dai J, Neukam K, de Pokomandy A, Poynten IM, Geskus RB, Burgos J, Etienney I, Moscicki AB, Donà MG, Gillison ML, Nyitray AG, Nowak RG, Yunihastuti E, Zou H, Hidalgo-Tenorio C, Phanuphak N, Molina JM, Schofield AM, Kerr S, Fan S, Lu Y, Ong JJ, Chikandiwa AT, Teeraananchai S, Squillace N, Wiley DJ, Palefsky JM, Georges D, Alberts CJ, Clifford GM
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Feb 8;76(3):e692-e701. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac581. PMID: 35869839Free PMC Article
Perianal Crohn's Disease in Children and Adolescents.
Mutanen A, Pakarinen MP
Eur J Pediatr Surg 2020 Oct;30(5):395-400. Epub 2020 Sep 17 doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1716724. PMID: 32942329
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Fistula-In-Ano.
Halligan S
Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2020 Feb;28(1):141-151. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2019.09.006. PMID: 31753233
A Practical Guide to Biofeedback Therapy for Pelvic Floor Disorders.
Narayanan SP, Bharucha AE
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2019 Apr 23;21(5):21. doi: 10.1007/s11894-019-0688-3. PMID: 31016468
Perianal abscess.
Sahnan K, Adegbola SO, Tozer PJ, Watfah J, Phillips RK
BMJ 2017 Feb 21;356:j475. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j475. PMID: 28223268

Clinical prediction guides

Incidence and Clearance of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in 16 164 Individuals, According to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status, Sex, and Male Sexuality: An International Pooled Analysis of 34 Longitudinal Studies.
Wei F, Goodman MT, Xia N, Zhang J, Giuliano AR, D'Souza G, Hessol NA, Schim van der Loeff MF, Dai J, Neukam K, de Pokomandy A, Poynten IM, Geskus RB, Burgos J, Etienney I, Moscicki AB, Donà MG, Gillison ML, Nyitray AG, Nowak RG, Yunihastuti E, Zou H, Hidalgo-Tenorio C, Phanuphak N, Molina JM, Schofield AM, Kerr S, Fan S, Lu Y, Ong JJ, Chikandiwa AT, Teeraananchai S, Squillace N, Wiley DJ, Palefsky JM, Georges D, Alberts CJ, Clifford GM
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Feb 8;76(3):e692-e701. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac581. PMID: 35869839Free PMC Article
Postoperative Packing of Perianal Abscess Cavities (PPAC2): randomized clinical trial.
Newton K, Dumville J, Briggs M, Law J, Martin J, Pearce L, Kirwan C, Pinkney T, Needham A, Jackson R, Winn S, McCulloch H, Hill J; PPAC2 Collaborators
Br J Surg 2022 Sep 9;109(10):951-957. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znac225. PMID: 35929816Free PMC Article
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcome of puborectalis division in the treatment of anismus.
Emile SH, Barsom SH, Khan SM, Wexner SD
Colorectal Dis 2022 Apr;24(4):369-379. Epub 2022 Jan 12 doi: 10.1111/codi.16040. PMID: 34984814
Ustekinumab for Perianal Crohn's Disease: The BioLAP Multicenter Study From the GETAID.
Chapuis-Biron C, Kirchgesner J, Pariente B, Bouhnik Y, Amiot A, Viennot S, Serrero M, Fumery M, Allez M, Siproudhis L, Buisson A, Pineton de Chambrun G, Abitbol V, Nancey S, Caillo L, Plastaras L, Savoye G, Chanteloup E, Simon M, Dib N, Rajca S, Amil M, Parmentier AL, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Vuitton L; GETAID BioLAP Study Group
Am J Gastroenterol 2020 Nov;115(11):1812-1820. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000810. PMID: 33156100
A Practical Guide to Biofeedback Therapy for Pelvic Floor Disorders.
Narayanan SP, Bharucha AE
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2019 Apr 23;21(5):21. doi: 10.1007/s11894-019-0688-3. PMID: 31016468

Recent systematic reviews

Comparison of doses and injection sites of botulinum toxin for chronic anal fissure: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Vitoopinyoparb K, Insin P, Thadanipon K, Rattanasiri S, Attia J, McKay G, Thakkinstian A
Int J Surg 2022 Aug;104:106798. Epub 2022 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106798. PMID: 35934283
A systematic review and meta-analysis of cytology and HPV-related biomarkers for anal cancer screening among different risk groups.
Clarke MA, Deshmukh AA, Suk R, Roberts J, Gilson R, Jay N, Stier EA, Wentzensen N
Int J Cancer 2022 Dec 1;151(11):1889-1901. Epub 2022 Aug 6 doi: 10.1002/ijc.34199. PMID: 35793241Free PMC Article
A systematic review and network meta-analysis comparing treatments for anal fissure.
Jin JZ, Bhat S, Park B, Hardy MO, Unasa H, Mauiliu-Wallis M, Hill AG
Surgery 2022 Jul;172(1):41-52. Epub 2022 Jan 5 doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.11.030. PMID: 34998619
Real-world impact and effectiveness assessment of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine: a systematic review of study designs and data sources.
Wang W, Kothari S, Baay M, Garland SM, Giuliano AR, Nygård M, Velicer C, Tota J, Sinha A, Skufca J, Verstraeten T, Sundström K
Expert Rev Vaccines 2022 Feb;21(2):227-240. Epub 2021 Dec 13 doi: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2008243. PMID: 34845951
Non surgical therapy for anal fissure.
Nelson RL, Thomas K, Morgan J, Jones A
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Feb 15;2012(2):CD003431. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003431.pub3. PMID: 22336789Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Related information

    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...