U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Disorder of male reproductive system

MedGen UID:
66734
•Concept ID:
C0236099
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Male Reproductive System Disease; Male Reproductive System Disorder
SNOMED CT: Disorder of male reproductive system (363194005)

Definition

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the male genital system. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include infection, testicular torsion, and undescended testis. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include germ cell tumors, carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVDisorder of male reproductive system

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Proven and unproven methods for diagnosis and treatment of infertility.
Szamatowicz M, Szamatowicz J
Adv Med Sci 2020 Mar;65(1):93-96. Epub 2020 Jan 7 doi: 10.1016/j.advms.2019.12.008. PMID: 31923772
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Review.
Litwin MS, Tan HJ
JAMA 2017 Jun 27;317(24):2532-2542. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.7248. PMID: 28655021
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis: Diagnosis and Management.
Coker TJ, Dierfeldt DM
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jan 15;93(2):114-20. PMID: 26926407

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Male genital vitiligo.
Dauendorffer JN, Skayem C, Passeron T
Ann Dermatol Venereol 2022 Jun;149(2):92-98. Epub 2021 Jul 2 doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2021.06.003. PMID: 34226034
Newborn Circumcision Techniques.
Omole F, Smith W, Carter-Wicker K
Am Fam Physician 2020 Jun 1;101(11):680-685. PMID: 32463643
Aging and the Male Reproductive System.
Kaufman JM, Lapauw B, Mahmoud A, T'Sjoen G, Huhtaniemi IT
Endocr Rev 2019 Aug 1;40(4):906-972. doi: 10.1210/er.2018-00178. PMID: 30888401
Hypospadias, all there is to know.
van der Horst HJ, de Wall LL
Eur J Pediatr 2017 Apr;176(4):435-441. Epub 2017 Feb 11 doi: 10.1007/s00431-017-2864-5. PMID: 28190103Free PMC Article
Erectile dysfunction.
Yafi FA, Jenkins L, Albersen M, Corona G, Isidori AM, Goldfarb S, Maggi M, Nelson CJ, Parish S, Salonia A, Tan R, Mulhall JP, Hellstrom WJ
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016 Feb 4;2:16003. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.3. PMID: 27188339Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Red scrotum syndrome: An update on clinicopathologic features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.
Khalil S, Kurban M, Abbas O
J Am Acad Dermatol 2022 Sep;87(3):614-622. Epub 2020 Jun 1 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.113. PMID: 32497688
Epididymal cyst in children.
Boscarelli A, Bellini T
Eur J Pediatr 2021 Sep;180(9):2723-2729. Epub 2021 Apr 14 doi: 10.1007/s00431-021-04080-5. PMID: 33851241
Prostate immunology: A challenging puzzle.
Silva JAF, Calmasini F, Siqueira-Berti A, Moraes-Vieira PMM, Quintar A, Carvalho HF
J Reprod Immunol 2020 Nov;142:103190. Epub 2020 Aug 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103190. PMID: 32853844
Late-onset hypogonadism and lifestyle-related metabolic disorders.
Braga PC, Pereira SC, Ribeiro JC, Sousa M, Monteiro MP, Oliveira PF, Alves MG
Andrology 2020 Nov;8(6):1530-1538. Epub 2020 Feb 16 doi: 10.1111/andr.12765. PMID: 31991053
Progesterone: the forgotten hormone in men?
Oettel M, Mukhopadhyay AK
Aging Male 2004 Sep;7(3):236-57. doi: 10.1080/13685530400004199. PMID: 15669543

Therapy

Addition of Metastasis-Directed Therapy to Intermittent Hormone Therapy for Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: The EXTEND Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Tang C, Sherry AD, Haymaker C, Bathala T, Liu S, Fellman B, Cohen L, Aparicio A, Zurita AJ, Reuben A, Marmonti E, Chun SG, Reddy JP, Ghia A, McGuire S, Efstathiou E, Wang J, Wang J, Pilie P, Kovitz C, Du W, Simiele SJ, Kumar R, Borghero Y, Shi Z, Chapin B, Gomez D, Wistuba I, Corn PG
JAMA Oncol 2023 Jun 1;9(6):825-834. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0161. PMID: 37022702Free PMC Article
Serum PSA-based early detection of prostate cancer in Europe and globally: past, present and future.
Van Poppel H, Albreht T, Basu P, Hogenhout R, Collen S, Roobol M
Nat Rev Urol 2022 Sep;19(9):562-572. Epub 2022 Aug 16 doi: 10.1038/s41585-022-00638-6. PMID: 35974245
Erectile dysfunction.
Yafi FA, Jenkins L, Albersen M, Corona G, Isidori AM, Goldfarb S, Maggi M, Nelson CJ, Parish S, Salonia A, Tan R, Mulhall JP, Hellstrom WJ
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016 Feb 4;2:16003. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.3. PMID: 27188339Free PMC Article
National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Project on Criteria for Clinical Trials in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease: I. The 2014 Diagnosis and Staging Working Group report.
Jagasia MH, Greinix HT, Arora M, Williams KM, Wolff D, Cowen EW, Palmer J, Weisdorf D, Treister NS, Cheng GS, Kerr H, Stratton P, Duarte RF, McDonald GB, Inamoto Y, Vigorito A, Arai S, Datiles MB, Jacobsohn D, Heller T, Kitko CL, Mitchell SA, Martin PJ, Shulman H, Wu RS, Cutler CS, Vogelsang GB, Lee SJ, Pavletic SZ, Flowers ME
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015 Mar;21(3):389-401.e1. Epub 2014 Dec 18 doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.12.001. PMID: 25529383Free PMC Article
Progesterone: the forgotten hormone in men?
Oettel M, Mukhopadhyay AK
Aging Male 2004 Sep;7(3):236-57. doi: 10.1080/13685530400004199. PMID: 15669543

Prognosis

Pediatric Penile Bee Sting.
Huseynov M, Cebisli A, Ozturk A, Sahin M, Akin Ozdemir M, Polat M
Pediatr Emerg Care 2022 Aug 1;38(8):e1469-e1471. Epub 2022 Jun 23 doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000002791. PMID: 35904958
MRI of the Male Pelvic Floor.
Lakhoo J, Khatri G, Elsayed RF, Chernyak V, Olpin J, Steiner A, Tammisetti VS, Sundaram KM, Arora SS
Radiographics 2019 Nov-Dec;39(7):2003-2022. doi: 10.1148/rg.2019190064. PMID: 31697623
Radical Prostatectomy or Watchful Waiting in Prostate Cancer - 29-Year Follow-up.
Bill-Axelson A, Holmberg L, Garmo H, Taari K, Busch C, Nordling S, Häggman M, Andersson SO, Andrén O, Steineck G, Adami HO, Johansson JE
N Engl J Med 2018 Dec 13;379(24):2319-2329. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1807801. PMID: 30575473
Ageing and inflammation in the male reproductive tract.
Frungieri MB, Calandra RS, Bartke A, Matzkin ME
Andrologia 2018 Dec;50(11):e13034. Epub 2018 May 8 doi: 10.1111/and.13034. PMID: 29740839
Microlissencephaly.
Sztriha L, Al-Gazali L, Várady E, Nork M, Varughese M
Pediatr Neurol 1998 Apr;18(4):362-5. doi: 10.1016/s0887-8994(97)00213-0. PMID: 9588537

Clinical prediction guides

Endocrine disruptors and the male reproductive system.
Stukenborg JB, Mitchell RT, Söder O
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Sep;35(5):101567. Epub 2021 Aug 14 doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101567. PMID: 34426080
Antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine on the male reproductive system: A systematic review.
Ghafarizadeh A, Malmir M, Naderi Noreini S, Faraji T
Andrologia 2021 Feb;53(1):e13898. Epub 2020 Nov 9 doi: 10.1111/and.13898. PMID: 33167060
MRI of the Male Pelvic Floor.
Lakhoo J, Khatri G, Elsayed RF, Chernyak V, Olpin J, Steiner A, Tammisetti VS, Sundaram KM, Arora SS
Radiographics 2019 Nov-Dec;39(7):2003-2022. doi: 10.1148/rg.2019190064. PMID: 31697623
Ageing and inflammation in the male reproductive tract.
Frungieri MB, Calandra RS, Bartke A, Matzkin ME
Andrologia 2018 Dec;50(11):e13034. Epub 2018 May 8 doi: 10.1111/and.13034. PMID: 29740839
The masculinization programming window.
Welsh M, Suzuki H, Yamada G
Endocr Dev 2014;27:17-27. Epub 2014 Sep 9 doi: 10.1159/000363609. PMID: 25247641

Recent systematic reviews

2022 Update on Prostate Cancer Epidemiology and Risk Factors-A Systematic Review.
Bergengren O, Pekala KR, Matsoukas K, Fainberg J, Mungovan SF, Bratt O, Bray F, Brawley O, Luckenbaugh AN, Mucci L, Morgan TM, Carlsson SV
Eur Urol 2023 Aug;84(2):191-206. Epub 2023 May 16 doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.04.021. PMID: 37202314
The most important medicinal plants affecting sperm and testosterone production: a systematic review.
Boroujeni SN, Malamiri FA, Bossaghzadeh F, Esmaeili A, Moudi E
JBRA Assist Reprod 2022 Aug 4;26(3):522-530. doi: 10.5935/1518-0557.20210108. PMID: 35234023Free PMC Article
Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, Henrikson HJ, Lu D, Pennini A, Xu R, Ababneh E, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Elsalam SM, Abdoli A, Abedi A, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Adedeji IA, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afzal MS, Aghaali M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed Rashid T, Ahmed Salih Y, Akalu GT, Aklilu A, Akram T, Akunna CJ, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Ali S, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Almasi-Hashiani A, Almasri NA, Al-Maweri SAA, Almustanyir S, Alonso N, Alvis-Guzman N, Amu H, Anbesu EW, Ancuceanu R, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antwi MH, Anvari D, Anyasodor AE, Aqeel M, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aremu O, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Arshad M, Artaman A, Arulappan J, Asemi Z, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Atorkey P, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Awedew AF, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayenew T, Azab MA, Azadnajafabad S, Azari Jafari A, Azarian G, Azzam AY, Badiye AD, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Balakrishnan S, Banach M, Bärnighausen TW, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Behzadifar M, Belgaumi UI, Bezabhe WMM, Bezabih YM, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bisignano C, Bjørge T, Bleyer A, Blyuss O, Bolarinwa OA, Bolla SR, Braithwaite D, Brar A, Brenner H, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano Dos Santos FL, Cao Y, Carreras G, Catalá-López F, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Cernigliaro A, Chakinala RC, Chattu SK, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chimed-Ochir O, Cho DY, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chung MT, Conde J, Cortés S, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cunha AR, Dadras O, Dagnew AB, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, das Neves J, De la Hoz FP, Demis AB, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dhamnetiya D, Dhimal ML, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Djalalinia S, Do HP, Doaei S, Dorostkar F, Dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Driscoll TR, Ebrahimi H, Eftekharzadeh S, El Tantawi M, El-Abid H, Elbarazi I, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, El-Jaafary SI, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Etemadi A, Ezzikouri S, Faisaluddin M, Faraon EJA, Fares J, Farzadfar F, Feroze AH, Ferrero S, Ferro Desideri L, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gadanya MA, Gallus S, Gaspar Fonseca M, Getachew Obsa A, Ghafourifard M, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gholamalizadeh M, Gilani SA, Ginindza TG, Gizaw ATT, Glasbey JC, Golechha M, Goleij P, Gomez RS, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Guerra MR, Guha A, Gunasekera DS, Gupta B, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gutiérrez RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haider MR, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Haque S, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hassanipour S, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Herrera-Serna BY, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Holla R, Hossain MM, Hossain MBH, Hosseini MS, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Huang J, Hugo FN, Hussain R, Hussein NR, Hwang BF, Iavicoli I, Ibitoye SE, Ida F, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Irham LM, Islam JY, Islam RM, Islam SMS, Ismail NE, Isola G, Iwagami M, Jacob L, Jain V, Jakovljevic MB, Javaheri T, Jayaram S, Jazayeri SB, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kahrizi D, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kaliyadan F, Kalkonde Y, Kamath A, Kameran Al-Salihi N, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Karch A, Kasa AS, Katikireddi SV, Kauppila JH, Kavetskyy T, Kebede SA, Keshavarz P, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khalilov R, Khan G, Khan M, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khang YH, Khater AM, Khayamzadeh M, Kim GR, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kopec JA, Koteeswaran R, Koul PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Kucuk Bicer B, Kugbey N, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Kutluk T, La Vecchia C, Lami FH, Landires I, Lauriola P, Lee SW, Lee SWH, Lee WC, Lee YH, Leigh J, Leong E, Li J, Li MC, Liu X, Loureiro JA, Lunevicius R, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Majeed A, Makki A, Male S, Malik AA, Mansournia MA, Martini S, Masoumi SZ, Mathur P, McKee M, Mehrotra R, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR, Misra S, Mithra P, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohammad KA, Mohammad Y, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moosavi MA, Moradi Y, Moraga P, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Mubarik S, Mwanri L, Nagarajan AJ, Nagaraju SP, Nagata C, Naimzada MD, Nangia V, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Ndejjo R, Nduaguba SO, Negoi I, Negru SM, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Niazi RK, Nnaji CA, Noor NM, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Oancea B, Ochir C, Odukoya OO, Ogbo FA, Olagunju AT, Olakunde BO, Omar E, Omar Bali A, Omonisi AEE, Ong S, Onwujekwe OE, Orru H, Ortega-Altamirano DV, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Pana A, Panagiotakos D, Panda-Jonas S, Pardhan S, Park EC, Park EK, Pashazadeh Kan F, Patel HK, Patel JR, Pati S, Pattanshetty SM, Paudel U, Pereira DM, Pereira RB, Perianayagam A, Pillay JD, Pirouzpanah S, Pishgar F, Podder I, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Prashant A, Preotescu L, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Radhakrishnan RA, Radhakrishnan V, Rafiee A, Rahim F, Rahimzadeh S, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rajai N, Rajesh A, Rakovac I, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao SJ, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Roberts TJ, Rodriguez JAB, Rohloff P, Romoli M, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rwegerera GM, S M, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Samaei M, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sankararaman S, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sardiwalla Y, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schneider IJC, Sekerija M, Seylani A, Shafaat O, Shaghaghi Z, Shaikh MA, Shamsoddin E, Shannawaz M, Sharma R, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty A, Shetty JK, Shetty PH, Shibuya K, Shirkoohi R, Shivakumar KM, Shivarov V, Siabani S, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Silva DAS, Singh JA, Sintayehu Y, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Soeberg MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Sotoudeh H, Steiropoulos P, Straif K, Subedi R, Sufiyan MB, Sultan I, Sultana S, Sur D, Szerencsés V, Szócska M, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabuchi T, Tadbiri H, Taherkhani A, Takahashi K, Talaat IM, Tan KK, Tat VY, Tedla BAA, Tefera YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Tesfay FH, Tessema GA, Thapar R, Thavamani A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Thomas N, Tohidinik HR, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran BX, Tran KB, Tran MTN, Tripathy JP, Tusa BS, Ullah I, Ullah S, Umapathi KK, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Vacante M, Vaezi M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Velazquez DZ, Veroux M, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vo B, Volovici V, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Wamai RG, Ward P, Wen YF, Westerman R, Winkler AS, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yaya S, Yazie TSY, Yeshaw Y, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yuce D, Yunusa I, Zadnik V, Zare F, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu C, Ziapour A, Zimmermann IR, Fitzmaurice C, Murray CJL, Force LM
JAMA Oncol 2022 Mar 1;8(3):420-444. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987. PMID: 34967848Free PMC Article
Cannabis and Male Fertility: A Systematic Review.
Payne KS, Mazur DJ, Hotaling JM, Pastuszak AW
J Urol 2019 Oct;202(4):674-681. Epub 2019 Sep 6 doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000000248. PMID: 30916627Free PMC Article
Effects of aging on the male reproductive system.
Gunes S, Hekim GN, Arslan MA, Asci R
J Assist Reprod Genet 2016 Apr;33(4):441-54. Epub 2016 Feb 11 doi: 10.1007/s10815-016-0663-y. PMID: 26867640Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Related information

    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...