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Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder

MedGen UID:: 233233
•Concept ID:: C1335000
•: Disease or Syndrome

Synonym:

Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disease

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVNon-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder

Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
- Pathological process
  - Disease
    - Disorder by Site
      - Disorder of nervous system
        Disorder of the central nervous system
        Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder
        Alice in Wonderland syndrome
        Central Nervous System Hamartoma
        Hamartoma of brain
        Hamartoma of hypothalamus
        Spinal Cord Hamartoma
        Degenerative disease of the central nervous system
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
        Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 14, With or Without Frontotemporal Dementia
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 3
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 7
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 9
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 11
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 21
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 23
        Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
        Progressive muscular atrophy
        Brachial amyotrophic diplegia
        Cerebral palsy
        Ataxic cerebral palsy
        Athetoid cerebral palsy
        Hypotonic cerebral palsy
        Mixed cerebral palsy
        Spastic cerebral palsy
        Spastic diplegia
        Spastic hemiparesis
        Spastic tetraplegia
        Spastic triplegia
        Dementia
        Alzheimer disease
        Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
        Degenerations, Frontotemporal Lobar
        Dementia associated with AIDS
        Diffuse Neurofibrillary Tangles with Calcification
        Frontal lobe dementia
        Frontolimbic dementia
        Frontotemporal dementia
        Huntington disease
        Kluver-Bucy syndrome
        Lewy body dementia
        Presenile dementia
        Primary progressive aphasia
        Senile dementia
        Subcortical dementia
        Vascular dementia
        Demyelinating disease of central nervous system
        Demyelinating Encephalopathy
        Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy
        Extrapyramidal disease
        Parkinson disease
        Frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron disease
        Hereditary Neurodegenerative Disorder
        Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 4
        Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 5
        Hereditary spastic paraplegia
        Cerebral palsy, spastic quadriplegic, 3
        Hereditary spastic paraplegia 7
        Hereditary spastic paraplegia 11
        Hereditary spastic paraplegia 3A
        Hereditary spastic paraplegia 47
        Hereditary spastic paraplegia 5A
        Spastic Paraplegia 4
        Spastic Paraplegia 30
        Spastic Paraplegia 76
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
        Null syndrome
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease in female carriers
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, classic form
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, connatal form
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, transitional form
        Pick disease
        Pigmentary pallidal degeneration
        Atypical pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
        Classic pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
        Progressive supranuclear palsy
        Atypical progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome
        Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 1
        Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 2
        Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 3
        Spinocerebellar atrophy
        Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 3
        Ataxia, early-onset, with oculomotor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia
        Ataxia-telangiectasia syndrome
        Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia
        Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia
        Azorean disease
        Familial isolated deficiency of vitamin E
        Spinocerebellar ataxia 7
        Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1
        Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2
        Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6
        Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12
        Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17
        Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 19/22
        Spinocerebellar ataxia type 31
        Spinocerebellar ataxia type 36
        Spinocerebellar ataxia type 42
        Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, with axonal neuropathy 2
        Striatonigral degeneration
        Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy
        Infectious disease of central nervous system
        Arachnoiditis
        Spinal arachnoiditis
        Bacterial infection of central nervous system
        Bacterial meningitis
        Central nervous system tuberculosis
        Lyme neuroborreliosis
        Neurosyphilis
        Brain abscess
        Cerebral toxoplasmosis
        Cerebral abscess
        Actinomycotic brain abscess
        Cerebritis
        Encephalomyelitis
        Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
        Encephalomyelitis, Equine
        Infection causing encephalomyelitis
        Myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
        Epidural abscess
        Fungal infection of central nervous system
        Fungal meningitis
        Neuroaspergillosis
        HTLV-1-associated myelopathy-tropical spastic paraparesis
        Infectious encephalitis
        Bacterial encephalitis
        Viral encephalitis
        Infectious meningitis
        Cryptococcal meningitis
        Viral meningitis
        Infectious Meningoencephalitis
        Leukoencephalopathy
        CNS demyelinating autoimmune disease
        Diffuse leukoencephalopathy
        Diffuse spongiform leukoencephalopathy
        Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases
        Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids
        Human immunodeficiency virus leukoencephalopathy
        Posterior leukoencephalopathy
        Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome
        Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
        Progressive leukoencephalopathy
        Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
        Vanishing white matter disease
        Meningoencephalitis
        Central nervous system lupus
        Myelitis
        Acute flaccid myelitis
        Acute transverse myelitis
        Poliomyelitis
        Transverse myelitis
        Parasitic infection of central nervous system
        Central Nervous System Helminthiasis
        Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections
        Perimeningeal Infections
        Subdural empyema
        Prion disease
        Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
        Fatal familial insomnia
        Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome
        Kuru
        Scrapie
        Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
        Wasting Disease, Chronic
        Viral infection of central nervous system
        Limbic encephalitis
        Pseudorabies
        Meningitis
        Aseptic meningitis
        Chronic lymphocytic meningitis
        Eosinophilic meningitis
        Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
        Movement disorder
        Abnormal head movements
        Jerky head movements
        Abnormal posturing
        Abnormal reflex
        Abnormal postural reflex
        Abnormal superficial reflex
        Hyperreflexia
        Primitive reflex
        Reduced tendon reflexes
        Angelman syndrome
        Angelman syndrome due to a point mutation
        Angelman syndrome due to imprinting defect in 15q11-q13
        Angelman syndrome due to maternal 15q11q13 deletion
        Angelman syndrome due to paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15
        Apraxia
        Alien Hand Syndrome
        Gait apraxia
        Hand apraxia
        Ideomotor apraxia
        Limb apraxia
        Oculomotor apraxia
        Oromotor apraxia
        Speech apraxia
        Astasia
        Asterixis
        Chorea
        Chorea gravidarum
        Chorea-acanthocytosis
        Sydenham chorea
        Chronic tic disorder
        Diminished movement
        Akinesia
        Hypokinesia
        Drug-induced akathisia
        Dyskinesia
        Athetosis
        Catalepsy
        Drug-induced dyskinesia
        Dyssynergia
        Dystonic disorder
        Extrapyramidal dyskinesia
        Habit tic
        Hyperkinetic movements
        Myoclonus
        Orofacial dyskinesia
        psychomotor agitation
        Synkinesis
        Tardive dyskinesia
        Tremor
        Dystonia
        Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia syndrome
        Dystonia 12
        Dystonia 16
        Episodic kinesigenic dyskinesia 1
        Familial Dystonia
        Torsion dystonia
        Essential tremor
        Tremor, hereditary essential, 1
        Tremor, hereditary essential, 2
        Tremor, hereditary essential, 3
        Tremor, hereditary essential, and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
        Frontal release signs
        Gait disturbance
        Antalgic gait
        Broad-based gait
        Cautious gait
        Cerebellar ataxia associated with quadrupedal gait
        Crouch gait
        Difficulty walking backward
        Dystonic gait
        Falls
        Freezing of gait
        Gait ataxia
        Gait imbalance
        Impaired heel-walking ability
        Impaired tandem gait
        Impaired toe-walking ability
        Inability to walk
        Intoeing
        Neurogenic claudication
        Out-toeing
        Shuffling gait
        Spastic gait
        Steppage gait
        Tip-toe gait
        Unsteady gait
        Waddling gait
        Involuntary movements
        Akathisia
        Chvostek sign
        Fasciculations
        Self-mutilation of tongue and lips due to involuntary movements
        Shakes
        Multiple system atrophy
        Multiple system atrophy, cerebellar type
        Multiple system atrophy, parkinsonian type
        Olivopontocerebellar atrophy
        Shy Drager Syndrome
        Muscle fibrillation
        Facial-lingual fasciculations
        Myokymia
        Eyelid myokymia
        Facial myokymia
        Parkinsonian disorder
        Parkinsonism with favorable response to dopaminergic medication
        Secondary Parkinson disease
        Postural instability
        Stooped posture
        Tic
        Tourette syndrome
        Tourettism
        Transient tic disorder
        Wilson disease
        X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism
        Multiple sclerosis
        Chronic progressive multiple sclerosis
        Relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
        Neurodevelopmental disorder
        Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
        Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
        conduct disorder
        Sluggish Cognitive Tempo
        Brain Development Abnormality
        Abnormality of neuronal migration
        Hydranencephaly
        Isolated congenital microcephaly
        microgyria
        Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2
        Subcortical band heterotopia
        Child Behavior Disorders
        Child Development Disorders, Pervasive
        Autism spectrum disorder
        Childhood-onset schizophrenia
        communication disorder
        Childhood onset fluency disorder
        Impaired social interactions
        Language disorder
        Learning disability
        Speech disorder
        Speech-sound disorder
        Congenital meningocele
        Congenital cerebral meningocele
        Congenital spinal meningocele
        Developmental disorder
        Developmental coordination disorder
        Developmental delay
        Developmental regression
        Mental Retardation
        Naevus Lipomatosus Superficialis
        Reactive Attachment Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood
        Fetal Neurodevelopmental Disorder
        Gabriele de Vries syndrome
        Intellectual disability
        11p partial monosomy syndrome
        5p partial monosomy syndrome
        De Lange syndrome
        Down syndrome
        Intellectual disability, borderline
        Intellectual disability, mild
        Intellectual disability, moderate
        Intellectual disability, profound
        Intellectual disability, progressive
        Intellectual disability, severe
        Prader-Willi syndrome
        Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
        Trisomy 13 Syndromes
        Williams syndrome
        X-linked intellectual disability
        Motor skill disorder
        Mutism
        Selective mutism
        Myelocele
        Cervical myelocele
        Lumbar myelocele
        Sacral Myelocele
        Thoracic myelocele
        reactive attachment disorder
        Separation anxiety disorder
        Stereotypic movement disorder
        Neuronitis
        Non-Neoplastic Brain Disorder
        Cerebellar degeneration
        Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
        Cerebellar hypoplasia
        Cerebellar hemisphere hypoplasia
        Cerebrovascular disorder
        Arteriovenous Malformation, Intracranial
        Basal ganglia cerebrovascular disorder
        Carotid artery disorder
        Central nervous system vasculitis
        Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
        Cerebral infarction
        Cerebral ischemia
        Cerebral Vascular Insufficiency
        Intracranial arterial disease
        Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis
        Intracranial hemorrhage
        Intracranial vasospasm
        Ischemic encephalopathy
        Periventricular leukomalacia
        Small vessel cerebrovascular disease
        Sneddon syndrome
        Stroke disorder
        Susac syndrome
        Vascular Depression
        Vascular headache
        Corticobasal degeneration disorder
        Encephalitis
        Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
        Pallor
        Rasmussen subacute encephalitis
        Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis
        Encephalomalacia
        Encephalopathy
        Acute encephalopathy
        Chronic brain syndrome
        Congenital encephalopathy
        Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 94
        Dialysis dementia
        Early myoclonic encephalopathy
        Epileptic encephalopathy
        Hepatic encephalopathy
        Hypertensive encephalopathy
        Hypoglycemic encephalopathy
        Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
        Infantile encephalopathy
        Infantile epileptic dyskinetic encephalopathy
        Mitochondrial encephalopathy
        Necrotizing encephalopathy
        Neonatal encephalopathy
        Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia
        Nonprogressive encephalopathy
        Progressive encephalopathy
        Recurrent encephalopathy
        Epilepsy
        Absence seizure
        Aggravated Epilepsy
        Anosognostic Epilepsy
        Atonic epileptic seizure
        Benign Familial Convulsion
        Benign Neonatal Epilepsy
        Benign Rolandic epilepsy
        Congenital Epilepsy
        Epilepsy syndrome
        Epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures
        Extratemporal epilepsy
        Focal epilepsy
        Generalized epilepsy
        Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
        Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
        Post-traumatic epilepsy
        Progressive myoclonic epilepsy
        Reflex epilepsy
        Refractory epilepsy
        Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy
        Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
        Hemimegalencephaly
        Hydrocephalus
        Communicating hydrocephalus
        Congenital hydrocephalus
        Dandy-Walker syndrome
        External hydrocephalus
        Noncommunicating hydrocephalus
        Normal pressure hydrocephalus
        Post-Inflammatory Hydrocephalus
        Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
        Severe hydrocephalus
        Schizencephaly
        Acquired schizencephaly
        Familial schizencephaly
        Type 1 schizencephaly
        Type 2 schizencephaly
        Type 3 schizencephaly
        Thalamic disorder
        Polyradiculopathy
        Sensory disorder
        Disorder of taste
        Ageusia
        Parageusia
        Tactile Disorder
        Spina bifida
        Cervical spina bifida
        Myelomeningocele
        Cervical meningomyelocele
        Cervical spina bifida cystica
        Cervicothoracic spina bifida cystica
        Lumbar meningomyelocele
        Lumbosacral spina bifida cystica
        Sacral meningocele
        Thoracic meningomyelocele
        Thoracolumbosacral spina bifida cystica
        Total spina bifida cystica
        Upper thoracic spina bifida cystica
        Spina bifida cystica
        Arnold-Chiari malformation type II
        Myelocystocele
        Posterior meningocele
        Spina bifida occulta
        Spina bifida occulta at L5
        Spina bifida occulta at S1
        Syringomyelia
        Primary syringomyelia
        Familial syringomyelia
        Idiopathic syringomyelia
        Secondary syringomyelia
        Syringomyelia and Hydromyelia
        Vascular malformation of the nervous system
        Central Nervous System Cavernous Hemangioma
        Intracranial cavernous angioma
        Central Nervous System Venous Angioma
        Cerebral arteriovenous malformation
        Cerebral cavernous malformation
        Hereditary cavernous hemangioma of brain
        Meningioangiomatosis
        Sinus pericranii
        Vein of Galen malformation

Professional guidelines

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J Clin Invest 2023 Jun 15;133(12) doi: 10.1172/JCI168035. PMID: 37104042 Free PMC Article

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Recent clinical studies

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In and around the pineal gland: a neuroimaging review.

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Cerebral vascular malformations and their imaging modalities.

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Neurol Sci 2020 Sep;41(9):2407-2421. Epub 2020 Apr 25 doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04415-4. PMID: 32335778

An update on the central nervous system manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1.

Nix JS, Blakeley J, Rodriguez FJ
Acta Neuropathol 2020 Apr;139(4):625-641. Epub 2019 Apr 8 doi: 10.1007/s00401-019-02002-2. PMID: 30963251 Free PMC Article

Imaging of amino acid transport in brain tumours: Positron emission tomography with O-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET).

Langen KJ, Stoffels G, Filss C, Heinzel A, Stegmayr C, Lohmann P, Willuweit A, Neumaier B, Mottaghy FM, Galldiks N
Methods 2017 Nov 1;130:124-134. Epub 2017 May 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.05.019. PMID: 28552264

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma in the context of constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome.

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Diagnosis

In and around the pineal gland: a neuroimaging review.

Zaccagna F, Brown FS, Allinson KSJ, Devadass A, Kapadia A, Massoud TF, Matys T
Clin Radiol 2022 Feb;77(2):e107-e119. Epub 2021 Nov 11 doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.09.020. PMID: 34774298

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Multiparametric Imaging Analysis: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

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Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2016 Nov;24(4):671-686. Epub 2016 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2016.06.001. PMID: 27742109

Multiple ring-enhancing lesions of the brain.

Garg RK, Sinha MK
J Postgrad Med 2010 Oct-Dec;56(4):307-16. doi: 10.4103/0022-3859.70939. PMID: 20935408

Non-neoplastic pineal cysts.

Fetell MR, Bruce JN, Burke AM, Cross DT, Torres RA, Powers JM, Stein BM
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Fluorescence-guided surgery of brain abscesses.

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Native Oligodendrocytes in Astrocytomas Might Inhibit Tumor Proliferation by WIF1 Expression.

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Convection-enhanced delivery of therapeutic agents into the brain.

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Clinical prediction guides

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Multiparametric Imaging Analysis: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

Rapalino O, Ratai EM
Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2016 Nov;24(4):671-686. Epub 2016 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2016.06.001. PMID: 27742109

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma in the context of constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome.

Ripperger T, Schlegelberger B
Eur J Med Genet 2016 Mar;59(3):133-42. Epub 2015 Dec 30 doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.12.014. PMID: 26743104

Electron microscopy of the blood-brain barrier in disease.

Hirano A, Kawanami T, Llena JF
Microsc Res Tech 1994 Apr 15;27(6):543-56. doi: 10.1002/jemt.1070270609. PMID: 8012057

Non-neoplastic pineal cysts.

Fetell MR, Bruce JN, Burke AM, Cross DT, Torres RA, Powers JM, Stein BM
Neurology 1991 Jul;41(7):1034-40. doi: 10.1212/wnl.41.7.1034. PMID: 2067630

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Recent systematic reviews

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5-Aminolevulinic acid fluorescence in brain non-neoplastic lesions: a systematic review and case series.

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Evidence on the efficacy of primary radiosurgery or stereotactic radiotherapy for drug-resistant non-neoplastic focal epilepsy in adults: A systematic review.

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MedGen

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Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder

Term Hierarchy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Diagnosis

Therapy

Prognosis

Clinical prediction guides

Recent systematic reviews

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

Practice guidelines

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